The checks and balances in the U.S. Constitution prevent any one branch of government from exercising too much power.

When there is a direct conflict between a federal and a state law, the state law is rendered invalid.

The courts make the final determination on issues involving constitutional interpretation.

Under their police powers, states can regulate private activities to protect or promote the public order, health, safety, morals, and general welfare.

Under the U.S. Constitution, each branch of government limits some actions of the other branches.

The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution.

The First Amendment protects obscene speech.

Procedural due process requires that any taking of a person's life, liberty, or property by government must be made equitably, or fairly.

Equal protection means that the government must treat similarly situated individuals differently.

State laws often significantly protect individuals' privacy rights.

A state law that treats nonresidents different from residents may violate the privileges and immunities clause.

Mike, an advocate of a certain religion, publishes an article in New Times magazine insisting that Congress base all federal law on his religion's principles. The First Amendment guarantees Mike's freedom of

Len, a citizen of Maryland, obtains a federal license to operate a commercial fishing boat in Chesapeake Bay. The Maryland state legislature enacts a law that bans all commercial fishing in the bay. The state law most likely violates

Beachside City enacts an ordinance that bans the distribution of all printed materials on city streets. Carl opposes the city's latest "revenue-enhancing" measure and wants to protest by distributing handbills. In his suit against the city, a court would likely hold the printed-materials ban to be

Xtreme Publications, Inc., disseminates obscene materials. This is

Under the Constitution, the legislative branch of the government

Congress enacts a law prohibiting toys made in China from being sold in the United States. The Hawaii state legislature enacts a law allowing the sale of Chinese-made toys. Hawaii's law will most likely be

A decision by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on the amount of carbon that can be emitted from a car's exhaust system conflicts with a California state law. In this situation

Colorado enacts a statute that bans the distribution of anonymous political leaflets. A court would likely hold this to be

The requirement that no person be deprived of "life, liberty, or property without due process of law" is found in