Pol Sci 2010 - Introduction to Government » Fall 2022 » American Government Exam Ch 6 -7
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Question #1
Today, polling agencies have noticed that citizens' beliefs have become ____ polarized, or widely opposed.
A.
far more
B.
slightly less
C.
far less
D.
slightly more
Question #2
If you wanted to prove the United States is suffering from low voter turnout, a calculation based on which population would yield the lowest voter turnout rate?
A.
voting-age population
B.
voters who voted in the last election
C.
voting-eligible population
D.
registered voters
Question #3
Several states that have had histories of discrimination have been able to change their voter ID laws and the number of polling places available in certain areas. This was a result of the __________ decision.
A.
Shelby County v. Johnson
B.
Shelby County v. Gonzales
C.
Shelby County v. Holder
D.
Shelby County v. Richardson
Question #4
In 1982, a minority candidate for governor lost on Election Day despite the fact that he was far ahead in the polls. This is known as the
A.
Loner effect
B.
Bradley effect
C.
Poll effect
D.
Loser effect
Question #5
Most polling now occurs
A.
in person
B.
at a polling location
C.
in group settings
D.
at party headquarters
E.
over the phone or through the Internet
Question #6
Today, more ____ vote more than ____.
A.
low-income citizens; high-income citizens
B.
men; women
C.
high school dropouts; college graduates
D.
women; men
Question #7
In 2012, the Census Bureau reported that only ___ of eligible voters between the ages of 18 and 24 registered and ____ voted.
A.
53.6%; 41.2%
B.
41.2%; 53.6%
C.
79.7%; 73.5%
D.
73.5%; 79.7%
Question #8
In which type of election are you most likely to see coattail effects?
A.
presidential
B.
special
C.
midterm
D.
caucuses
Question #9
A(n) ____ primary allows only members of the political party selecting nominees to vote for their preferred candidate.
A.
closed
B.
exclusive
C.
party
D.
open
Question #10
Which of the following is not a step in the initiative process?
A.
state-wide vote during a ballot election
B.
signature or veto by state governor
C.
collection of signatures
D.
approval of initiative petition by state or local government
Question #11
____ coverage is when the media calls out every candidate's move throughout the presidential campaign. It can be neutral, positive, or negative.
A.
Blitz
B.
Belaboring
C.
Scrutiny
D.
Honeymoon
E.
Horserace
Question #12
Where and when do Electoral College electors vote?
A.
at their precinct, on Election Day
B.
in Washington D.C., in December
C.
at their state capitol, on Election Day
D.
in their state capitol, in December
Question #13
Presidential approval ratings
A.
remain consistent over time
B.
generally decline over time but may fluctuate based on specific events or policies
C.
generally increase over time but may decrease when the president makes an unpopular decision
Question #14
Of initiative, referendum, and recall, _____ is the more unusual/rare form of direct democracy.
A.
initiative
B.
referendum
C.
recall
Question #15
___ was the first state to implement same-day registration in 1973.
A.
California
B.
Oregon
C.
New York
D.
Maine
Question #16
Why do Belgium, Turkey, and Australia have higher voter turnout rates than the United States?
A.
fewer registration laws
B.
more elections
C.
more polling locations
D.
compulsory voting laws
Question #17
In congressional and local elections, incumbents win reelection up to ____ percent of the time; the result is called "incumbency advantage."
A.
50%
B.
70%
C.
60%
D.
90%
E.
97%
Question #18
The Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission led to
A.
the abolition of the poll tax
B.
the implementation of strict spending limits on corporations
C.
the overturning of the Voting Rights Act
D.
the removal of spending limits on corporations
Question #19
Strict voter ID laws tend to disproportionally prevent citizens from the all of the following groups from voting except
A.
those without a college education
B.
citizens aged 18-24
C.
middle-aged citizens
D.
Hispanics/Latinx
Question #20
A referendum is not purely direct democracy because the ________.
A.
voters propose something but the governor approves it
B.
voters propose and approve something but the legislature also approves it
C.
government proposes something and the legislature approves it
D.
government proposes something and the voters approve it
Question #21
_____ voting occurs when the voter looks at the candidate's past actions and the past economic climate and makes a decision using only these factors.
A.
Retrospective
B.
Common sense
C.
Prospective
D.
Economic
Question #22
One of the key differences between the primary and general campaigns for president is
A.
primary campaign ads rarely mention political parties and instead focus on issue positions/name recognition
B.
general campaign ads rarely mention political parties and instead focus on issue positions/name recognition
Question #23
All of the following are considered agents of political socialization except:
A.
social groups
B.
media
C.
family and school
D.
movies
Question #24
A(n) ____ asks citizens to confirm or repeal a decision made by the government.
A.
recall
B.
initiative
C.
referendum
D.
proposition
Question #25
The _____ the margin of error, the more predictive (accurate) the poll.
A.
lower
B.
higher
Question #26
Which body of government is least susceptible to public opinion polls?
A.
the president
B.
U.S. Senate
C.
U.S. Supreme Court
D.
U.S. House of Representatives
Question #27
Which of the following is not part of a scientific poll design?
A.
a representative sample
B.
a low margin of error
C.
a random sample
D.
a leading question
Question #28
The Bradley effect occurs when people ________.
A.
say they will vote for a candidate based on the candidate’s name
B.
say they will vote in the next election but instead stay home
C.
say they will vote against a candidate because of the candidate’s race
D.
say they will vote for a candidate but then vote against him or her
Question #29
What unusual step did Oregon take to increase voter registration?
A.
The state sends every resident a voter registration ballot.
B.
The state allows online voter registration.
C.
The state automatically registers all citizens over eighteen to vote.
D.
The state ended voter registration.
Question #30
According to the text, all of the following are examples of events that profoundly affected many citizens, particularly their partisan preferences, except
A.
political protest rallies in the 1960s and 1970s
B.
the Great Depression
C.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
D.
9/11 attacks
Question #31
During presidential primary season, we see examples of the bandwagon effect, in which the media pays more attention to candidates who poll well during the fall and the first few primaries. An example of the bandwagon effect playing out can be seen in the case of
A.
Bill Clinton in 1996
B.
Al Gore in 2000
C.
John McCain in 2000
D.
John Kerry in 2004
E.
Bill Clinton in 1992
Question #32
Susan is currently working two part-time jobs and is frustrated about the poor economy. On Election Day, she votes for every challenger on the ballot, because she feels the president and Congress are not doing enough to help her. What type of vote did she cast?
A.
pocketbook
B.
straight ticket
C.
retrospective
D.
prospective
Question #33
Which factor is most likely to lead to the incumbency advantage for a candidate?
A.
media’s support of the candidate
B.
candidate’s socioeconomic status
C.
candidate’s political party
D.
gerrymandering of the candidate’s district
Question #34
____ and ____ allow former felons to apply to have their voting rights restored.
A.
Mississippi; Nevada
B.
Mississippi; Oregon
C.
Mississippi; Vermont
D.
Mississippi; New York
Question #35
What characterizes those most likely to vote in the next election?
A.
income under $30,000
B.
over forty-five years old
C.
high school education or less
D.
residency in the South
Question #36
Why are social policies controversial?
A.
They require the government to increase spending.
B.
They require government to balance the rights and liberties of different groups.
C.
They require a decrease in regulations and laws.
D.
They require people to accept the authority of the government.
Question #37
Socioeconomic status, which can predict whether a citizen will vote, includes all of the following except
A.
income
B.
social status (occupation)
C.
education
D.
ethnic group
Question #38
_____ believe in individual rights and limited government intervention in private life and personal economic decisions.
A.
Fascists
B.
Libertarians
C.
Oligarchs
D.
Conservatives
E.
Liberals
Question #39
Which factor affects congressional approval ratings the most?
A.
foreign events
B.
domestic events
C.
presidential actions
D.
Supreme Court actions
Question #40
There are various reasons why many young citizens do not vote. They include all of the following except
A.
younger citizens tend to want to rebel against their parents so if their parents are politically engaged, younger citizens are less likely to want to be politically involved
B.
younger citizens may be unaware of what government provides
C.
younger voters are unlikely to be paying high taxes so government can become a distant concept rather than a daily or pressing concern
D.
younger citizens move frequently (meaning they have to re-register every time they move)
E.
younger citizens are less active in government and politics, leading politicians to ignore them
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