Pol Sci 2010 - Introduction to Government » Fall 2022 » American Government Exam Ch 6 -7
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Question #1
Today, polling agencies have noticed that citizens' beliefs have become ____ polarized, or widely opposed.
A.
slightly less
B.
far more
C.
far less
D.
slightly more
Question #2
If you wanted to prove the United States is suffering from low voter turnout, a calculation based on which population would yield the lowest voter turnout rate?
A.
voting-age population
B.
voting-eligible population
C.
registered voters
D.
voters who voted in the last election
Question #3
Several states that have had histories of discrimination have been able to change their voter ID laws and the number of polling places available in certain areas. This was a result of the __________ decision.
A.
Shelby County v. Holder
B.
Shelby County v. Gonzales
C.
Shelby County v. Johnson
D.
Shelby County v. Richardson
Question #4
In 1982, a minority candidate for governor lost on Election Day despite the fact that he was far ahead in the polls. This is known as the
A.
Poll effect
B.
Loner effect
C.
Loser effect
D.
Bradley effect
Question #5
Most polling now occurs
A.
in group settings
B.
in person
C.
over the phone or through the Internet
D.
at party headquarters
E.
at a polling location
Question #6
Today, more ____ vote more than ____.
A.
women; men
B.
high school dropouts; college graduates
C.
men; women
D.
low-income citizens; high-income citizens
Question #7
In 2012, the Census Bureau reported that only ___ of eligible voters between the ages of 18 and 24 registered and ____ voted.
A.
53.6%; 41.2%
B.
41.2%; 53.6%
C.
79.7%; 73.5%
D.
73.5%; 79.7%
Question #8
In which type of election are you most likely to see coattail effects?
A.
caucuses
B.
special
C.
presidential
D.
midterm
Question #9
A(n) ____ primary allows only members of the political party selecting nominees to vote for their preferred candidate.
A.
party
B.
exclusive
C.
closed
D.
open
Question #10
Which of the following is not a step in the initiative process?
A.
signature or veto by state governor
B.
approval of initiative petition by state or local government
C.
state-wide vote during a ballot election
D.
collection of signatures
Question #11
____ coverage is when the media calls out every candidate's move throughout the presidential campaign. It can be neutral, positive, or negative.
A.
Horserace
B.
Scrutiny
C.
Blitz
D.
Belaboring
E.
Honeymoon
Question #12
Where and when do Electoral College electors vote?
A.
at their state capitol, on Election Day
B.
at their precinct, on Election Day
C.
in Washington D.C., in December
D.
in their state capitol, in December
Question #13
Presidential approval ratings
A.
generally decline over time but may fluctuate based on specific events or policies
B.
remain consistent over time
C.
generally increase over time but may decrease when the president makes an unpopular decision
Question #14
Of initiative, referendum, and recall, _____ is the more unusual/rare form of direct democracy.
A.
recall
B.
referendum
C.
initiative
Question #15
___ was the first state to implement same-day registration in 1973.
A.
New York
B.
Oregon
C.
California
D.
Maine
Question #16
Why do Belgium, Turkey, and Australia have higher voter turnout rates than the United States?
A.
more polling locations
B.
more elections
C.
fewer registration laws
D.
compulsory voting laws
Question #17
In congressional and local elections, incumbents win reelection up to ____ percent of the time; the result is called "incumbency advantage."
A.
50%
B.
97%
C.
60%
D.
90%
E.
70%
Question #18
The Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission led to
A.
the overturning of the Voting Rights Act
B.
the removal of spending limits on corporations
C.
the abolition of the poll tax
D.
the implementation of strict spending limits on corporations
Question #19
Strict voter ID laws tend to disproportionally prevent citizens from the all of the following groups from voting except
A.
those without a college education
B.
Hispanics/Latinx
C.
middle-aged citizens
D.
citizens aged 18-24
Question #20
A referendum is not purely direct democracy because the ________.
A.
government proposes something and the voters approve it
B.
voters propose something but the governor approves it
C.
government proposes something and the legislature approves it
D.
voters propose and approve something but the legislature also approves it
Question #21
_____ voting occurs when the voter looks at the candidate's past actions and the past economic climate and makes a decision using only these factors.
A.
Economic
B.
Common sense
C.
Retrospective
D.
Prospective
Question #22
One of the key differences between the primary and general campaigns for president is
A.
general campaign ads rarely mention political parties and instead focus on issue positions/name recognition
B.
primary campaign ads rarely mention political parties and instead focus on issue positions/name recognition
Question #23
All of the following are considered agents of political socialization except:
A.
media
B.
movies
C.
family and school
D.
social groups
Question #24
A(n) ____ asks citizens to confirm or repeal a decision made by the government.
A.
proposition
B.
referendum
C.
recall
D.
initiative
Question #25
The _____ the margin of error, the more predictive (accurate) the poll.
A.
lower
B.
higher
Question #26
Which body of government is least susceptible to public opinion polls?
A.
U.S. House of Representatives
B.
the president
C.
U.S. Senate
D.
U.S. Supreme Court
Question #27
Which of the following is not part of a scientific poll design?
A.
a representative sample
B.
a low margin of error
C.
a leading question
D.
a random sample
Question #28
The Bradley effect occurs when people ________.
A.
say they will vote against a candidate because of the candidate’s race
B.
say they will vote for a candidate based on the candidate’s name
C.
say they will vote for a candidate but then vote against him or her
D.
say they will vote in the next election but instead stay home
Question #29
What unusual step did Oregon take to increase voter registration?
A.
The state sends every resident a voter registration ballot.
B.
The state ended voter registration.
C.
The state allows online voter registration.
D.
The state automatically registers all citizens over eighteen to vote.
Question #30
According to the text, all of the following are examples of events that profoundly affected many citizens, particularly their partisan preferences, except
A.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
B.
the Great Depression
C.
9/11 attacks
D.
political protest rallies in the 1960s and 1970s
Question #31
During presidential primary season, we see examples of the bandwagon effect, in which the media pays more attention to candidates who poll well during the fall and the first few primaries. An example of the bandwagon effect playing out can be seen in the case of
A.
Al Gore in 2000
B.
Bill Clinton in 1992
C.
Bill Clinton in 1996
D.
John Kerry in 2004
E.
John McCain in 2000
Question #32
Susan is currently working two part-time jobs and is frustrated about the poor economy. On Election Day, she votes for every challenger on the ballot, because she feels the president and Congress are not doing enough to help her. What type of vote did she cast?
A.
prospective
B.
pocketbook
C.
straight ticket
D.
retrospective
Question #33
Which factor is most likely to lead to the incumbency advantage for a candidate?
A.
media’s support of the candidate
B.
candidate’s political party
C.
gerrymandering of the candidate’s district
D.
candidate’s socioeconomic status
Question #34
____ and ____ allow former felons to apply to have their voting rights restored.
A.
Mississippi; Nevada
B.
Mississippi; Vermont
C.
Mississippi; New York
D.
Mississippi; Oregon
Question #35
What characterizes those most likely to vote in the next election?
A.
income under $30,000
B.
over forty-five years old
C.
high school education or less
D.
residency in the South
Question #36
Why are social policies controversial?
A.
They require people to accept the authority of the government.
B.
They require government to balance the rights and liberties of different groups.
C.
They require a decrease in regulations and laws.
D.
They require the government to increase spending.
Question #37
A.
social status (occupation)
B.
income
C.
education
D.
ethnic group
Question #38
_____ believe in individual rights and limited government intervention in private life and personal economic decisions.
A.
Liberals
B.
Oligarchs
C.
Conservatives
D.
Fascists
E.
Libertarians
Question #39
Which factor affects congressional approval ratings the most?
A.
presidential actions
B.
foreign events
C.
Supreme Court actions
D.
domestic events
Question #40
There are various reasons why many young citizens do not vote. They include all of the following except
A.
younger citizens move frequently (meaning they have to re-register every time they move)
B.
younger citizens may be unaware of what government provides
C.
younger citizens are less active in government and politics, leading politicians to ignore them
D.
younger voters are unlikely to be paying high taxes so government can become a distant concept rather than a daily or pressing concern
E.
younger citizens tend to want to rebel against their parents so if their parents are politically engaged, younger citizens are less likely to want to be politically involved
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