Philosophy 305 - Business Ethics » Fall 2022 » Chapter 5 Corporations

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Question #1
The invisible-hand argument against broadening corporate responsibility says that business's appetite for profit should be controlled by the hand of the government.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #2
A common point of contention among philosophers and business theorists with regard to corporations is
A.   whether if corporations are moral agents, then they have a right to do whatever is in their self-interest.
B.   whether corporations are moral agents.
C.   whether modern corporations no longer utilize a CID structure.
Question #3
The first corporations
A.   were government owned.
B.   were towns, universities, and ecclesiastic orders.
C.   emerged in the 19th century.
D.   were profit-making associations.
Question #4
Corporations are limited-liability companies which means that
A.   corporate shareholders are immediately entitled to any profits or the company is liable.
B.   corporations are always for-profit; that profit can be limited but often is not in reality.
C.   corporations must be "publicly held" and thus traded on the stock market.
D.   corporate shareholders are liable for corporate debts only up to the extent of their investments.
Question #5
In the corporate world, the board of directors will frequently
A.   rubber stamp the policies and recommendations of the management.
B.   hire and fire people for key management positions.
C.   be there just for show.
D.   write the policies and procedures.
Question #6
The courts and the general public typically find the idea of corporate responsibility
A.   ambiguous and useless.
B.   a waste of time.
C.   useful and intelligible.
D.   contradicting.
Question #7
Legally a corporation is a thing that can endure beyond the natural lives of its members and that has incorporators who may sue and be sued as a unit and who are able to consign part of their property to the corporation for ventures of limited liability.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #8
Milton Friedman’s perspective is that the only responsibility of a business is to
A.   provide social benefit for the messes.
B.   pay taxes to keep the government operating.
C.   give jobs to the hard workers.
D.   make money for its owners.
Question #9
Recent studies have shown that neither corporate moral codes nor corporate culture affect whether individuals inside the corporation behave morally or immorally.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #10
Externalities are the unintended consequences (whether negative or positive) that an economic transaction between two parties can have on some third party.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #11
Which of the following contributed to the more relaxed incorporation procedures of modern times?
A.   The move from mercantilist thinking to a belief in Benjamin Franklin's invisible hand.
B.   The idea that incorporation is a gift from the state.
C.   The thought that laissez-faire is a losing proposition..
D.   The idea that incorporation is a by-product of the people's right to associate, not a gift from the state.
Question #12
According to Keith Davis, in addition to considering potential profitability, a business must weigh the long-range social costs of its activities as well. Only if the overall benefit to society is positive should business act.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #13
Those with a broader view concerning business obligations believe that with great power comes
A.   more money.
B.   more power.
C.   too many limits.
D.   great social responsibility.
Question #14
Which of the following is one of the three arguments in favor of narrow corporate social responsibility discussed in this chapter?
A.   business-can-handle-it
B.   visible-hand
C.   society-lacks-the-expertise
D.   let-government-do-it
Question #15
In his essay "Social Responsibility and Economic Efficiency," Kenneth Arrow has argued that ethical behavior in the business world comes only at the expense of economic efficiency.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #16
Adam Smith proposed that in our pursuit of economic interests we are led by
A.   the moral compass within each of us.
B.   the trends of the economy.
C.   our gut instincts.
D.   an invisible hand to promote general good.
Question #17
Melvin Anshen suggests that there is an relationship between business and society which he termed as
A.   “social contract.”
B.   “one for all and all for one.”
C.   “the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.”
D.   “share the wealth.”
Question #18
Momentum for the corporate organization of business in the United States really gained momentum after which war?
A.   Civil War
B.   Revolutionary War
C.   French and Indian War
D.   World War I
Question #19
According to law professor Christopher D. Stone, the relationship between corporate management and its shareholders is identical with the relationship between you and an investment advisor.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #20
"Limited liability" means that members of a corporation are financially liable for corporate debts only up to the extent of their investments.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #21
Corporations differ from partnerships and other forms of business association in two ways. One of these is that
A.   they are regulated by the Federal Trade Commission.
B.   they must be publicly registered or in some way officially acknowledged by the law.
C.   their shareholders are entitled to their share of the company's profits as soon as they are ascertained or determined.
D.   they are formed simply by an agreement entered into among their members.
Question #22
Which of the following do proponents of the broader view of corporate social responsibility believe?
A.   The modern corporation is not a social institution.
B.   Businesses have other obligations besides making a profit.
C.   Corporations should not internalize their externalities.
D.   Moral responsibility arises from social power.
Question #23
Adherents of the broad view of corporate responsibility claim that modern business is intimately integrated with the rest of society and that, as a result, although society expects businesses to pursue their economic interests, businesses have other responsibilities as well.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #24
The case of First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti sharpened the legal distinction between corporations and individuals.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #25
Most business observers agree with Berle and Means that, because stock ownership in large corporations is so dispersed, actual control of the corporation has passed to management.
A.   False
B.   True

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