Biology 003 - Introduction to Biology » Fall 2022 » Test 3 Chps 12, 13, 14, 15, 16B

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Question #1
DNA profiling can be used in all of the following instances EXCEPT:
A.   resolving paternity disputes.
B.   distinguishing between identical twins.
C.   establishing the evolutionary history of different species.
D.   identifying suspects in criminal cases.
Question #2
The evolution of large tail feathers of male peacocks is an example of sexual selection.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #3
Which protein molecule helps lay down nucleotides to create an RNA strand?
A.   mRNA
B.   RNA polymerase
C.   Helicase
D.   DNA polymerase
E.   rRNA
Question #4
What does tRNA do?
A.   Is the instructions for making proteins
B.   Brings in the appropriate amino acid
C.   Cuts out the introns
D.   Is the site where proteins gets synthesized
Question #5
The process of transcription occurs in the ______ and translation occurs in the ______ of a cell.
A.   cytoplasm; cytoplasm
B.     
C.   nucleus; cytoplasm
D.   cytoplasm; nucleus
E.   mitochondria; chloroplast
F.   cytoplasm; cytoplasm
Question #6
Human babies with very low or high birth weight are more vulnerable to health complications. Survival rate of babies is greatest at intermediate weights of between 7 and 8 pounds. This is an example of ________ selection.
A.   disruptive
B.   directional
C.   random
D.   stabilizing
E.   no
Question #7
In the Arctic, a population of foxes consists of individuals with white fur and individuals with brown fur. The foxes with white fur blend in with the snow and are more likely to catch prey. Therefore, the foxes with white fur tend to have higher reproductive success, making white fur more common. This is an example of ______.
A.   natural selection
B.   mutation
C.   gene flow (migration)
D.   bottleneck effect
E.   founder effect
Question #8
The process of transcription produces which of the following molecules?
A.   protein
B.   carbohydrates
C.   mRNA
D.   tRNA
E.   DNA
Question #9
The process of translation produces which of the following molecules?
A.   mitochondria
B.   mRNA
C.   tRNA
D.   DNA
E.   protein
Question #10
Indicate what type of selection (directional, stabilizing or disruptive) is taking place in the scenario. Directional selection
A.   Medium brown squirrels are more likely to be caught by predators than either light or dark brown squirrels because they are not as well camouflaged.
B.   Smaller birds are better able to survive an ice storm than bigger birds because they can hide in small crevices in trees.
C.   Medium sized snails are more likely to survive because they don’t dry out as easily as small snails, and they can hide from predators more easily than large snails.
Question #11
Indicate what type of selection (directional, stabilizing or disruptive) is taking place in the scenario. Stabalizing selection
A.   Medium sized snails are more likely to survive because they don’t dry out as easily as small snails, and they can hide from predators more easily than large snails.
B.   Medium brown squirrels are more likely to be caught by predators than either light or dark brown squirrels because they are not as well camouflaged.
C.   Smaller birds are better able to survive an ice storm than bigger birds because they can hide in small crevices in trees.
Question #12
Indicate what type of selection (directional, stabilizing or disruptive) is taking place in the scenario. Disruptive selection
A.   Medium brown squirrels are more likely to be caught by predators than either light or dark brown squirrels because they are not as well camouflaged.
B.   Smaller birds are better able to survive an ice storm than bigger birds because they can hide in small crevices in trees.
C.   Medium sized snails are more likely to survive because they don’t dry out as easily as small snails, and they can hide from predators more easily than large snails.
Question #13
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi?
A.   They absorb nutrients from other organisms.
B.   They are heterotrophic
C.   They are important decomposers.
D.   They are eukaryotic.
E.   They are autotrophic
Question #14
When a population becomes divided by a geographical barrier such as a river, and evolves into two separate species as a result, this is called ____________ speciation.
A.   sympatric
B.   geriatric
C.   allopatric
D.   meiotic
Question #15
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the procedure where multiple copies of a DNA sample are made, usually to increase the size of the DNA sample .
A.   True
B.   False
Question #16
All of the following are types of pre-zygotic barriers EXCEPT:
A.   chemical incompatibility of sperm and egg.
B.   hybrid sterility (infertility).
C.   temporal isolation.
D.   different mating behaviors.
E.   living in different habitats.
Question #17
Mutation is an evolutionary process that always produces better adapted individuals.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #18
Extinct and asexually reproducing species can be classified using the biological species concept.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #19
Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles and are larger than Eukaryotic cells.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #20
STR (short tandem repeat) analysis can use varying amounts of non-coding sequences of DNA to create a DNA fingerprint.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #21
In order for a tRNA molecule to start recognizing a sequence of mRNA, what codon must it encounter first?
A.   AUG
B.   GAU
C.   UAA
D.   AGA
E.   AUC
Question #22
Which of the following types of mutations would have the LEAST effect in humans?
A.   nucleotide base insertion
B.   chromosome duplication
C.   chromosome deletion
D.   silent mutation
E.   nucleotide base deletion
Question #23
Who likes it extreme?
A.   Archaeans
B.   Eukaryotes
C.   Prokaryotes
Question #24
Which of the following factors produces individuals that are better adapted to their current environment (not just a random genetic change)?
A.   natural selection
B.   mutation
C.   gene flow (migration)
D.   Bottleneck effect
E.   Founder effect
Question #25
The biological species concept relies on ______________ to categorize different species.
A.   reproductive isolation
B.   phylogenetic history
C.   habitat differences
D.   morphological (physical) differences
E.   genetic differences
Question #26
The largest living organism on earth is a _________ (name of general type of organism).
A.   mitochondria
B.   Fungi
C.   Archaeans
D.   Prokaryotes
Question #27
Which of the three Domains is the largest in terms of numbers?
A.   Prokaryotes
B.   Archaeans
C.   Eukaryotes

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