Biology 003 - Introduction to Biology » Fall 2022 » Test 3 Chps 12, 13, 14, 15, 16B

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Question #1
DNA profiling can be used in all of the following instances EXCEPT:
A.   identifying suspects in criminal cases.
B.   distinguishing between identical twins.
C.   establishing the evolutionary history of different species.
D.   resolving paternity disputes.
Question #2
The evolution of large tail feathers of male peacocks is an example of sexual selection.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #3
Which protein molecule helps lay down nucleotides to create an RNA strand?
A.   Helicase
B.   DNA polymerase
C.   rRNA
D.   mRNA
E.   RNA polymerase
Question #4
What does tRNA do?
A.   Brings in the appropriate amino acid
B.   Is the instructions for making proteins
C.   Cuts out the introns
D.   Is the site where proteins gets synthesized
Question #5
The process of transcription occurs in the ______ and translation occurs in the ______ of a cell.
A.   mitochondria; chloroplast
B.   cytoplasm; nucleus
C.   nucleus; cytoplasm
D.     
E.   cytoplasm; cytoplasm
F.   cytoplasm; cytoplasm
Question #6
Human babies with very low or high birth weight are more vulnerable to health complications. Survival rate of babies is greatest at intermediate weights of between 7 and 8 pounds. This is an example of ________ selection.
A.   stabilizing
B.   no
C.   disruptive
D.   random
E.   directional
Question #7
In the Arctic, a population of foxes consists of individuals with white fur and individuals with brown fur. The foxes with white fur blend in with the snow and are more likely to catch prey. Therefore, the foxes with white fur tend to have higher reproductive success, making white fur more common. This is an example of ______.
A.   bottleneck effect
B.   gene flow (migration)
C.   mutation
D.   founder effect
E.   natural selection
Question #8
The process of transcription produces which of the following molecules?
A.   carbohydrates
B.   protein
C.   DNA
D.   tRNA
E.   mRNA
Question #9
The process of translation produces which of the following molecules?
A.   mitochondria
B.   protein
C.   mRNA
D.   tRNA
E.   DNA
Question #10
Indicate what type of selection (directional, stabilizing or disruptive) is taking place in the scenario. Directional selection
A.   Medium sized snails are more likely to survive because they don’t dry out as easily as small snails, and they can hide from predators more easily than large snails.
B.   Medium brown squirrels are more likely to be caught by predators than either light or dark brown squirrels because they are not as well camouflaged.
C.   Smaller birds are better able to survive an ice storm than bigger birds because they can hide in small crevices in trees.
Question #11
Indicate what type of selection (directional, stabilizing or disruptive) is taking place in the scenario. Stabalizing selection
A.   Medium brown squirrels are more likely to be caught by predators than either light or dark brown squirrels because they are not as well camouflaged.
B.   Smaller birds are better able to survive an ice storm than bigger birds because they can hide in small crevices in trees.
C.   Medium sized snails are more likely to survive because they don’t dry out as easily as small snails, and they can hide from predators more easily than large snails.
Question #12
Indicate what type of selection (directional, stabilizing or disruptive) is taking place in the scenario. Disruptive selection
A.   Medium sized snails are more likely to survive because they don’t dry out as easily as small snails, and they can hide from predators more easily than large snails.
B.   Medium brown squirrels are more likely to be caught by predators than either light or dark brown squirrels because they are not as well camouflaged.
C.   Smaller birds are better able to survive an ice storm than bigger birds because they can hide in small crevices in trees.
Question #13
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi?
A.   They absorb nutrients from other organisms.
B.   They are eukaryotic.
C.   They are heterotrophic
D.   They are important decomposers.
E.   They are autotrophic
Question #14
When a population becomes divided by a geographical barrier such as a river, and evolves into two separate species as a result, this is called ____________ speciation.
A.   geriatric
B.   meiotic
C.   sympatric
D.   allopatric
Question #15
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the procedure where multiple copies of a DNA sample are made, usually to increase the size of the DNA sample .
A.   False
B.   True
Question #16
All of the following are types of pre-zygotic barriers EXCEPT:
A.   different mating behaviors.
B.   hybrid sterility (infertility).
C.   living in different habitats.
D.   temporal isolation.
E.   chemical incompatibility of sperm and egg.
Question #17
Mutation is an evolutionary process that always produces better adapted individuals.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #18
Extinct and asexually reproducing species can be classified using the biological species concept.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #19
Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles and are larger than Eukaryotic cells.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #20
STR (short tandem repeat) analysis can use varying amounts of non-coding sequences of DNA to create a DNA fingerprint.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #21
In order for a tRNA molecule to start recognizing a sequence of mRNA, what codon must it encounter first?
A.   GAU
B.   AGA
C.   UAA
D.   AUG
E.   AUC
Question #22
Which of the following types of mutations would have the LEAST effect in humans?
A.   chromosome deletion
B.   nucleotide base deletion
C.   silent mutation
D.   nucleotide base insertion
E.   chromosome duplication
Question #23
Who likes it extreme?
A.   Prokaryotes
B.   Eukaryotes
C.   Archaeans
Question #24
Which of the following factors produces individuals that are better adapted to their current environment (not just a random genetic change)?
A.   Founder effect
B.   Bottleneck effect
C.   natural selection
D.   gene flow (migration)
E.   mutation
Question #25
The biological species concept relies on ______________ to categorize different species.
A.   reproductive isolation
B.   genetic differences
C.   phylogenetic history
D.   habitat differences
E.   morphological (physical) differences
Question #26
The largest living organism on earth is a _________ (name of general type of organism).
A.   Prokaryotes
B.   mitochondria
C.   Archaeans
D.   Fungi
Question #27
Which of the three Domains is the largest in terms of numbers?
A.   Prokaryotes
B.   Archaeans
C.   Eukaryotes

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