Soc 001 - Introduction to Sociology » Fall 2022 » Quiz 2

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Question #1
A researcher who lives among the homeless in an effort to understand their norms is carrying out
A.   unobtrusive observation.
B.   survey research
C.   content analysis.
D.   participant observation.
Question #2
The research technique in which the sociologist is the researcher but is also involved in the activities being studied is called
A.   ethnography.
B.   participant observation.
C.   actor-action research.
D.   subjective analysis.
Question #3
The steps of _____ include observation, hypothesis testing, analysis of data, and drawing conclusions.
A.   the scientific method
B.   abstract reasoning
C.   deductive reasoning
D.   the inductive method
Question #4
Which of the following is not a step in the scientific research process?
A.   Data analysis
B.   Hypothesis testing
C.   Finding research funding
D.   Observation
Question #5
In what way does sociological knowledge differ from philosophy and personal belief?
A.   Philosophy and personal beliefs are based on empirical evidence.
B.   Sociology is never humanistic.
C.   In sociological research, the theory must be testable.
D.   Sociology focuses only on social problems.
Question #6
Sociological research that starts with a specific research question based on some generally held principle is using _____ reasoning.
A.   inductive
B.   applied
C.   deductive
D.   conceptual
Question #7
A sociological study explores whether there is any truth to the stereotype that women are bad drivers. Which of the following types of reasoning would be used in this type of study?
A.   Conceptual reasoning
B.   Applied reasoning
C.   Inductive reasoning
D.   Deductive reasoning
Question #8
Reasoning that begins with specific observations about which one draws general conclusions is called _____ reasoning.
A.   deductive
B.   inductive
C.   conceptual
D.     
E.   applied
Question #9
Qualitative research is based on
A.   interpretive observations.
B.   statistics.
C.   replicated results.
D.   introspection.
Question #10
Developing a research question is the _____ step in the research process.
A.   second
B.   first
C.   fourth
D.   third
Question #11
Sources of sociological research questions include
A.   All of these may be a source.
B.   past studies that one may want to expand further.
C.   past research that one would like to develop a critique of.
D.   an observation in everyday life.
Question #12
Which statement about the accuracy of information about research findings obtained from the Internet is most accurate?
A.   It’s best to find a handful of websites that you’re comfortable with and stick to them, even if they do sometimes distort research findings.
B.   It is always important to consider who owns the website, as some corporations and organizations may be motivated to misstate research findings.
C.   There really are no longer any reasonably reliable websites. It is best to rely on professional journals.
D.   Popular media websites virtually never misstate, exaggerate, or otherwise distort research findings.
Question #13
How is doing a replication study useful?
A.   A replication study is useful only if the first study was conducted incorrectly or if there are other reasons to be suspicious of the results.
B.   A replication study can demonstrate the reliability of the original findings and indicate what changes have occurred since the original study was conducted.
C.   A replication is usually less expensive because most of the work has previously been done.
D.   Unless there is a well-founded suspicion of deliberate fraud, there is no reason to replicate a study.
Question #14
When developing a research question, it is important to
A.   review the relevant literature.
B.   explore possible conflicts of interest.
C.   identify available funding.
D.   have it reviewed by an ethics committee.
Question #15
Professor Evans expects that if his students study more, they will improve their exam scores. What has Professor Evans stated?
A.   A hypothesis 
B.   A theory
C.   A variable
D.   A plan of analysis
Question #16
When a researcher uses numerical analysis, she is most likely engaging in _____ research.
A.   historical
B.   deductive
C.   qualitative
D.   quantitative
Question #17
How are most hypotheses stated?
A.   If–then statements
B.   An outline of steps that will take place
C.   A list of possible outcomes
D.   A logical argument with evidence presented
Question #18
Which of the following statements about hypothesis testing is true?
A.   A hypothesis may be either accepted or rejected.
B.   A hypothesis is a demonstration of fact.
C.   Only qualitative studies use hypotheses.
D.   All sociological research follows the model of hypothesis.
Question #19
Which of these statements about variables is true?
A.   Research is often designed to discover how variables influence each other.
B.   Only two variables may be included in any particular study.
C.   A variable must always be very concrete and straightforward.
D.   A variable must always be as abstract as possible.
Question #20
The variable that is presumed to have an effect on or cause something else is called the _____ variable.
A.   intervening
B.   dependent
C.   test
D.   independent

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