Astronomy 120 - Stars and Galaxies » Fall 2022 » Unit 2 Quiz
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Question #1
A planet with orbital eccentricity e = 0.00 has
A.
unrelated values for its semimajor and semiminor axis distances.
B.
a semimajor axis distance that is twice as large as the semiminor axis distance.
C.
equal values for its semimajor and semiminor axes.
D.
a semimajor axis distance that is half as large as the semiminor axis distance.
Question #2
According to Johannes Kepler, it would be impossible to find a planet orbiting a star in a very eccentric orbit, with an eccentricity e = 0.92.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #3
A new exoplanetary system has recently been discovered, unofficially named "Freya" among amateur astronomers. Of the many exoplanets in this system, we look at the following three: Exoplanet Name/Surface Gravity (m/s2) Frigga / 7 Fralla /2 Froda / 10 On which exoplanet would you weigh the most (if you could physically travel there)?
A.
Frigga
B.
Fralla
C.
Thor
D.
Froda
Question #4
Tides are caused by
A.
Strong winds across the oceans
B.
The gravitational pull of Mars on the Earth
C.
The gravitation pull of the Moon on the Earth
D.
tsumani
Question #5
A golfer strikes the golf ball (mass m = 45.93 grams) off the tee with a force of 4195 N. How much acceleration does the golf ball obtain from this hit?
A.
9.13 x 104 m/s2
B.
91.33 m/s2
C.
9.13 x 103 m/s2
D.
913 m/s2
Question #6
A 4.00-mg sample is pushed with a force equal to 49 N. How quickly does it accelerate?
A.
123 m/s2
B.
12.3 m/s2
C.
1.23 x 107 m/s2
D.
2.3 x 106 m/s2
Question #7
If 7000 N of force is applied to a 6 kg object, how fast would it accelerate?
A.
8.57 x 10-4 m/s2
B.
1167 kg x m/s2
C.
42000 m/s2
D.
=1000 m/s2
Question #8
"The more massive object will experience less acceleration than a less massive object under the same force." This is a statement most closely associated with which of Newton's Laws of Motion?
A.
Newton's First Law
B.
Newton's Second Law
C.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
D.
Newton's Third Law
Question #9
"Once in motion, always in motion" can be used (albeit vaguely) in reference to which of Newton's Laws of Motion?
A.
Newton's Third Law
B.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
C.
Newton's Second Law
D.
Newton's First Law
Question #10
A satellite, once it's out there in space, needs a constantly burn fuel to keep going (like a car on Earth).
A.
False
B.
True
Question #11
A rock, resting on a ledge in the mountains, is an example of
A.
An orbit
B.
Newton's second law of motion
C.
Newton's first law of motion
D.
Newton's third law of motion
Question #12
The Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way are slowly moving towards one another, through intergalactic space. Their mutual gravitational attractive force is therefore
A.
decreasing
B.
they are so far away from each other, there is not gravitational attraction between the two galaxies
C.
increasing
D.
there is no gravity in space
Question #13
Two objects, one of mass M and the other mass m, are held a distance r apart. If the distance between them is doubled, how is the gravitational force between the two masses affected?
A.
It becomes half as strong as it was before.
B.
It becomes a quarter as strong as it was before.
C.
It becomes twice as strong as it was before.
D.
It remains unchanged.
Question #14
The period of an asteroid orbiting approximately 3.0 AU from the Sun is
A.
2.08 years
B.
9 years
C.
5.2 years
D.
27 years
Question #15
The asteroid, "Itokawa" orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.3 A.U, while asteroid "Mathilde," which is twice as big as Itokawa, orbits at 2.6 A.U. Which asteroid will take longer to orbit the Sun, according to Kepler's third law of planetary motion?
A.
neither, both will take the same amount of time
B.
more information is required to answer this question accurately
C.
Itokawa
D.
Mathilde
Question #16
Two asteroids have orbits with an average distance of 2.3 AU from the Sun. One of these asteroids, named LK0702, has a circular orbit, and the other (SK1409) has an elliptical orbit. Which of the following is true of the orbital periods of both asteroids?
A.
the orbital periods cannot be compared without knowing the eccentricity of SK1409's orbit
B.
SK1409 takes longer to orbit the Sun.
C.
LK0207 takes longer to orbit the Sun.
D.
both asteroids orbit in the same amount of time.
Question #17
Kepler's second law states that
A.
the square of the planet's semimajor axis is equal to the cube of its orbital period.
B.
planetary orbits are ellipses with the Sun at one focus.
C.
planets travel along their orbit with greater speeds when they are closer to their parent star than when they are further away.
D.
that no planetary system can have a parent star at the center of its orbit.
Question #18
At aphelion, a planet moves
A.
in retrograde motion.
B.
at its fastest speed.
C.
at its average speed.
D.
at its slowest speed.
Question #19
You're driving on an empty highway when the cars in front of you come to a sudden screeching halt. You slam the brakes and feel your torso move forward in your seat before being held back by the tightening seatbelt. Which of Newton's Laws of Motion did you just experience?
A.
Newton's Second Law
B.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
C.
Newton's Third Law
D.
Newton's First Law
Question #20
Say you are standing on the bus coming to school. If you are facing forward when the bus driver brakes quickly, you'll fall forward. From this, you can assume that the bus's
A.
speed remained constant, but the bus turned left.
B.
velocity increased.
C.
speed remained constant, but the bus turned right.
D.
velocity decreased.
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