A.   If all sociologists cannot agree on a definition of groups, then groups cannot exist.

B.   Having a shared definition helps in understanding the behavior of people in society.

C.   A shared definition allows sociologists from around the world to collaborate.

D.   Groups are a very simple aspect of sociology; the definition makes them seem more academic.

A.   two

B.   five

C.   one

D.   seven

A.   John’s parents and John

B.   A married couple

C.   Lori’s sociology class

D.   All eighteen-year-olds

A.   emergence of coalitions.

B.   likelihood of dyads to be stable.

C.   predisposition for primary groups to be small

D.   tendency for triads to develop into a pair and an isolate.

A.   a triad is an unstable social grouping, whereas dyads are relatively stable.

B.   the size of the group has no effect on interaction.

C.   a dyad is basically an unstable social grouping.

D.   adding a third person to a dyad has no effect on the stability of the group.

A.   Family

B.   Teachers

C.   Classmates

D.   Neighbors

A.   Triads; dyads

B.   Primary groups; secondary groups

C.   Secondary groups; primary groups

D.   Categories; secondary groups

A.   Identification with a social group can strongly influence self-esteem.

B.   Reference groups always provide good role models.

C.   One does not belong to a reference group.

D.   The influence of a reference group may be positive or negative.

A.   Primary groups; secondary groups

B.   In-groups; out-groups

C.   Reference groups; attribution groups

D.   Dyads; triads

A.   always a secondary group.

B.   created by the existence of an in-group.

C.   the opposite of an in-group.

D.   an attribute of society.

A.   there is no real pressure to conform in most situations.

B.   even rather gentle pressure was sufficient to cause an astonishing rise in the number of wrong answers.

C.   most people would not bend to the opinions of others without a great deal of anger and argument.

D.   the majority of people make up their minds for themselves and stick to those opinions.

A.   there is a significant difference between what people believe they will do and how they actually behave.

B.   women are less likely to engage in behavior that is potentially harmful for others than men are.

C.   people conform only up to a certain point but will not violate moral or ethical standards.

D.   people will not conform when they believe their behavior will harm another person.

A.   When upper-class students were put in the role of prisoner, they were not abused as much as the working-class students in the same role.

B.   The findings were not significant in terms of how people adapt to roles of authority.

C.   The students acting in the roles of prisoners and guards did not take the experiment seriously, so it was discontinued early.

D.   Without being told to do so, students playing the role of guards behaved sadistically toward the students in the role of prisoners.

A.   The Obama administration’s decision to reform health care

B.   Underestimation of the threat of terrorism prior to the 9/11 attacks

C.   U.S. entry into World War II after the Pearl Harbor attack

D.   The Johnson administration’s 1967 decision to start the War on Poverty

A.   Allowing in outside expert opinion

B.   An illusion of unanimity

C.   An illusion of invulnerability

D.   Discouragement of dissenting opinion