A biased sample consists of too many ________ cases.

A question that suggests a particular viewpoint to respondents is known as a(n)

A sample is to ________ as a population is to ________.

A study by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) involved telling teachers that some of their students were “bloomers” and would achieve rapid academic success within the next year. In fact, these students were no different than any of the other students in the class. At the end of the year, the “bloomers” showed more gains in IQ than the other students. It appeared that the teacher had unintentionally treated the “bloomers” in special ways. This is an example of which of the following?

Convenience sampling relies on which of the following?

Dr. Chandler is a personality psychologist who is interested in studying the characteristics of people who report being abducted by UFOs. She finds several people in an online support group for UFO abductees to participate and asks them if they can provide the names and contact information of other people who have also been abducted. Upon contacting these new participants, she asks them to refer her to even more people they may know who have been abducted. This is an example of what kind of sampling?

Dr. Choi is studying the extent to which Asian American mothers enforce gender roles at home. She wants to ensure that her sample includes 50 first generation, 50 second generation, and 50 third generation immigrants. If Dr. Choi obtains her particular sample by putting flyers in the local Asian grocery store, which of the following sampling techniques is she using?

Dr. Jewell is interested in measuring people’s attitudes toward proposed tax cuts. One of his items reads, “People who support cutting taxes are not well informed about how the government works.” Which of the following items should Dr. Jewell use instead to improve construct validity?

Dr. Paul is concerned about a fence-sitting response set when he conducts his survey. Which of the following might you recommend to decrease fence sitting?

Dr. Sanchez conducts a simple random sample of 500 men who became fathers for the first time in the past year. He finds that 23% of them report being unsure of their ability to be good fathers, plus or minus 4%. If Dr. Sanchez increased his sample size to 1,000, which of the following would happen?

Dr. Sanchez conducts a simple random sample of 500 men who became fathers for the first time in the past year. He finds that 23% of them report being unsure of their ability to be good fathers, plus or minus 4%. What is another term for the 4% value?

Dr. Tanaka is an educational psychologist interested in students’ attitudes toward science and the effect of those attitudes on performance on standardized tests. He chooses his local school district to study. There are 15 high schools, and he randomly chooses five. Then, of the 2,500 students in each of those five schools, he randomly recruits 250 students. This is an example of which of the following sampling techniques?

For his research methods class project, Hiro is studying the effect of pet ownership on stress levels. Although a lot of research has been done on dog and cat owners, not much is known about other pets, so Hiro decides to study bird owners. Which of the following would demonstrate a snowball sampling technique?

Having a representative sample is most important in which of the following example claims?

How are quota sampling and stratified random sampling similar?

How do reverse-worded items address the issue of shortcuts in surveys?

If researchers measure every member of a population, they have

If researchers measure every tenth member of a population, they have

In which of the following cases would a large sample especially be needed?

Julian creates a survey asking participants first to report how happy they are in their marriage and then second to report how happy they are in their life. His advisor, Dr. Fuentes, recommends that he create a second version of the survey that reverses the order of these questions. Why is Julian’s advisor recommending this?

Masked or blind study designs are designed to deal with

Negatively worded questions have low construct validity because

Oversampling is a variant used in which of the following sampling techniques?

Professor Adeyemi is examining well-being after retirement in a city, and it is important to have excellent external validity. Professor Adeyemi selects two random numbers, 4 and 6, and gets a list of all of the retired people in the city. If Professor Adeyemi obtains the sample by starting with the 4th person on the list and selecting every 6th person, which of the following sampling techniques is most likely being used?

RESEARCH STUDY 6.2: Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared to opposite-sex friend pairs. Dr. Ewell decides to collect his data at a neighborhood park. He has his two research assistants pose as a married couple having a picnic. While having their picnic, they take detailed records of the sharing behavior of the children and note whether the pairs are same sex or opposite sex. Given his use of two research assistants, he must establish the ________ of their measures.

RESEARCH STUDY 6.2: Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared to opposite-sex friend pairs. Dr. Ewell decides to collect his data at a neighborhood park. He has his two research assistants pose as a married couple having a picnic. While having their picnic, they take detailed records of the sharing behavior of the children and note whether the pairs are same sex or opposite sex. This technique is known as

RESEARCH STUDY 6.2: Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist, is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same-sex friend pairs compared to opposite-sex friend pairs. Imagine that Dr. Ewell wants to videotape the children interacting in the park. Which of the following is true?

RESEARCH STUDY 7.1: Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester—Psychology and Law and Introduction to Neuroscience. He gives his students a survey. What is Dr. Kramer’s likely population of interest?

The study that found that two-thirds of Americans had experienced at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE) did not use a random sample. What conclusion should you make about the results of the study?

The study that found that two-thirds of Americans had experienced at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE) did not use a random sample. What conclusion should you make about the results of the study?

When you are interrogating the external validity of a sample, which is the most important question to ask?

Which of the following determines the construct validity of a survey question?

Which of the following is a good reason a researcher may give for using observational methods as opposed to self-report methods?

Which of the following is a poll likely to measure?

Which of the following is an example of convenience sampling?

Which of the following is another term for response sets?

Which of the following is true about research using surveys and polls?

Which of the following is true of behavioral observation?

Which of the following is true when asking people questions about themselves?

Which of the following questions is most likely to result in a socially desirable answer?

Which of the following results in an unbiased sample?

Which of the following results in an unrepresentative sample?

Which of the following statements is true of random assignment and random sampling?

Why are double-barreled questions problematic?

Why is the use of representative samples especially important in frequency claims?

Zariah placed five identical pairs of black socks on a table and asked passersby to rate which pair of socks were their favorites. Although the socks were exactly the same, people rated the last pair of socks as having the highest quality. How should Zariah interpret this result?