________ psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology that works primarily in the generalization mode.

A researcher in theory-testing mode focuses on ________ validity, while a researcher in generalization mode focuses on ________ validity.

A small-N design that involves providing treatment and then removing treatment is known as a(n)

At which point in the scientific process does preregistration occur?

How would you best describe the results of the facial feedback hypothesis replications?

If the effects of a treatment for a single behavior in a small-N study are not reversible, we would use a(n)

In a conceptual replication, which of the following is allowed to be different from the original study?

In conducting quasi-experimental designs, researchers tend to give up some ________ in exchange for ________.

In open science, open data are more concerned with ________, while open materials are more interested in ________.

In order to avoid HARKing, what should researchers do?

In what type of study do researchers replicate their original experiment and add variables to test additional questions?

Mac conducts a study in which they use the same measures as a previous study. However, they use a different population, sample size, and add in several additional variables they hypothesize might be related to the original results. What type of study is Mac doing?

Open data protects against which questionable research practice?

Replicability helps interrogate which of the four big validities?

RESEARCH STUDY 13.1: Dr. Ba is interested in whether joining a fraternity/sorority causes people to become more concerned about their attractiveness. She recruits a group of 55 freshmen (25 men, 30 women) who are planning to go through fraternity/sorority recruitment on her campus. After they join, she gives them a measure of attractiveness concern (the Body Concern Scale). In addition to measuring the Body Concern of the participants who joined a fraternity/sorority both immediately before and immediately after they join, Dr. Ba measures them for the three weeks before and the three weeks after. This type of design is known as a(n)

RESEARCH STUDY 13.1: Dr. Ba is interested in whether joining a fraternity/sorority causes people to become more concerned about their attractiveness. She recruits a group of 55 freshmen (25 men, 30 women) who are planning to go through fraternity/sorority recruitment on her campus. After they join, she gives them a measure of attractiveness concern (the Body Concern Scale). In addition to measuring the Body Concern of the participants who joined a fraternity/sorority both immediately before and immediately after they join, Dr. Ba measures them for the three weeks before and the three weeks after. This type of design would be able to better address which of the following threats to internal validity?

RESEARCH STUDY 13.1: Dr. Ba is interested in whether joining a fraternity/sorority causes people to become more concerned about their attractiveness. She recruits a group of 55 freshmen (25 men, 30 women) who are planning to go through fraternity/sorority recruitment on her campus. After they join, she gives them a measure of attractiveness concern (the Body Concern Scale). In addition to measuring the group of participants who joined a fraternity/sorority, Dr. Ba decides to give the same measure to another group of 55 participants who decided to not join a fraternity/sorority. After conducting the study, Dr. Ba finds out that the people who joined a fraternity/sorority all saw a documentary on body image sponsored by the InterGreek Council the night before recruitment began. This threat to internal validity is known as a

RESEARCH STUDY 13.2: Dr. LaGuardia is a cognitive neuroscientist who is interested in the effect of brain concussions on the ability to recognize faces. They conduct a quasi-experimental study in which they examine football players before and after the regular season using the Benton Facial Recognition Test (a published, widely used measure of one’s ability to recognize faces) to compare those who received concussions to those who did not. They find that players who had concussions during the regular season performed worse on the Benton Facial Recognition Test than did players who did not experience concussions. Which of the following is true regarding external validity in Dr. LaGuardia’s study?

RESEARCH STUDY 13.2: Dr. LaGuardia is a cognitive neuroscientist who is interested in the effect of brain concussions on the ability to recognize faces. They conduct a quasi-experimental study in which they examine football players before and after the regular season using the Benton Facial Recognition Test (a published, widely used measure of one’s ability to recognize faces) to compare those who received concussions to those who did not. They find that players who had concussions during the regular season performed worse on the Benton Facial Recognition Test than did players who did not experience concussions. In analyzing the data, Dr. LaGuardia finds that there was no pretest difference in Benton Facial Recognition scores. However, they do find that the football players who received concussions had worse visuo-spatial awareness before the study. Which of the following threats to internal validity should they be concerned with?

RESEARCH STUDY 13.2: Dr. LaGuardia is a cognitive neuroscientist who is interested in the effect of brain concussions on the ability to recognize faces. They conduct a quasi-experimental study in which they examine football players before and after the regular season using the Benton Facial Recognition Test (a published, widely used measure of one’s ability to recognize faces) to compare those who received concussions to those who did not. They find that players who had concussions during the regular season performed worse on the Benton Facial Recognition Test than did players who did not experience concussions. If Dr. LaGuardia had instead been interested in conducting a small-N design, which of the following might they have done?

RESEARCH STUDY 14.1: Melanie conducts a study for her research methods class to determine if consuming caffeine causes people to perform better on cognitive tasks. In her study, she gives half of her participants a glass of water and half of her participants a glass of cola and then has them attempt to solve 15 math problems. She finds that people who drink caffeine beforehand solve more math problems than those who drink water beforehand. Melanie decides to conduct the exact same study again to ensure that she can find the same difference between the groups a second time. This study is known as a

RESEARCH STUDY 14.2: Cindy decides to conduct a meta-analysis examining the relationship between daily stress and cardiovascular health for her senior psychology research project. Cindy’s advisor recommends that she contact several researchers in the field for articles that were not published and/or that found null effects. Doing this will address which of the following?

RESEARCH STUDY 14.2: Cindy decides to conduct a meta-analysis examining the relationship between daily stress and cardiovascular health for her senior psychology research project. Which of the following is a step Cindy will do in conducting her meta-analysis?

The degree to which a quasi-experiment supports a causal claim depends on which of the following?

What does it mean when a study cannot be replicated by an independent researcher?

Which of the following claims is always researched in generalization mode?

Which of the following claims is most likely to be made in generalization mode?

Which of the following is a reason that psychologists especially value meta-analyses?

Which of the following is an advantage of small-N designs over large-N designs?

Which of the following is an advantage of studies that are conducted in real-world settings?

Which of the following is another term for ecological validity?

Which of the following is NOT a small-N design?

Which of the following is true of small-N experiments?

Which of the following MUST be done before meta-analyses can occur?

Which of the following people would be of most interest for a small-N design?

Which of the following threats to internal validity is related to human subjectivity?

Which of the following topics would be especially well suited to a quasi-experimental design?

Why do quasi-experiments tend to have very good construct validity for the independent variable?