Astro 110 - The Solar System » Fall 2019 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the terrestrial planets?
A.
craters in old surfaces
B.
very few satellites
C.
orbits inside the asteroid belt
D.
small diameters
E.
low average density
Question #2
How is the presence of space debris accounted for by solar system models?
A.
Both Space debris is left over material from the early solar system that never formed into a planet and Space debris was formed by the collision of objects after the planets formed are correct
B.
Space debris was formed by the collision of objects after the planets formed.
C.
Space debris is left over material from the early solar system that never formed into a planet.
D.
All of the above.
Question #3
The age of the solar system is believed to be approximately 4.6 billions years old based on the data from
A.
samples of lunar rocks.
B.
samples of meteorites.
C.
samples of earth rocks.
D.
none of the above
E.
all of the above
Question #4
The age of the Solar System can be determined most accurately by:
A.
measurement of the magnetic field variations on the sea floor
B.
carbon dating of rocks from mountains on the Earth
C.
measuring the number of craters per square meter on Mercury
D.
radioactive dating of rocks retrieved from the Moon
Question #5
Which one of the following objects is most like the planetesimals that formed inside the frost line in the solar nebula?
A.
comets
B.
Venus
C.
asteroids
D.
Pluto
E.
Saturn
Question #6
Which of the following was the planet that formed at the nearest location to the Sun that was at a temperature below the freezing point of water?
A.
Mars
B.
Mercury
C.
Earth
D.
Uranus
E.
Jupiter
Question #7
Which one supports the solar nebula theory of the origin of the solar system?
A.
The sun is the least massive object in the solar system.
B.
Planets are round.
C.
Disks are common around young stars.
D.
Disks are rare around young stars.
Question #8
Which one of the planets listed below initially formed at the outermost location where the temperature was high enough for water to be a liquid?
A.
Neptune
B.
Saturn
C.
Jupiter
D.
Mars
E.
Earth
Question #9
Why do outer planets like Jupiter have huge gaseous atmospheres of hydrogen and helium while the inner planets do not?
A.
The inner planets were too close to the Sun, and solar winds blew away their original gaseous atmospheres.
B.
The outer planets grew massive quickly enough to gravitationally hold on to these gases before the solar wind dispersed the accretion disk.
C.
Frequent early collisions by comets with the inner planets caused most of their original atmospheres to dissipate.
D.
These gases were more abundant in the outer regions of the accretion disk where the outer planets formed.
Question #10
No matter where you are on Earth, stars appear to rotate about a point called the:
A.
zenith
B.
meridian
C.
equinox
D.
celestial pole
Question #11
The central part of Earth's core is solid.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #12
The fact that Earth’s interior is differentiated suggests that:
A.
it has both a liquid and solid core
B.
it formed first from denser material and then afterward accreted lighter material
C.
only the crust is solid; the rest of Earth’s interior is liquid
D.
it was liquid at some point in the past
Question #13
Which of the following is NOT one of the geologic processes that occurs on a terrestrial planet?
A.
differentiation
B.
fusion of hydrogen to helium
C.
flooding
D.
cratering
E.
slow surface evolution
Question #14
The fact that Earth’s interior is differentiated suggests that:
A.
it has both a liquid and solid core
B.
it formed first from denser material and then afterward accreted lighter material
C.
only the crust is solid; the rest of Earth’s interior is liquid
D.
it was liquid at some point in the past
Question #15
The greenhouse effect occurs because
A.
the sun emits more infrared radiation than ultraviolet radiation.
B.
carbon dioxide is transparent to infrared radiation and opaque to ultraviolet radiation.
C.
carbon dioxide is transparent to visible light and opaque to infrared radiation.
D.
ozone is transparent to infrared radiation and opaque to ultraviolet radiation.
E.
ozone is transparent to visible light and opaque to infrared radiation.
Question #16
The amount of energy a photon carries depends on its wavelength.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #17
How many of the following: gamma, x-ray, UV, Visible, IR and radio, coming from space can NOT be detected on the surface of Earth at all?
A.
two
B.
three
C.
four or more
D.
None of the above.
Question #18
CCD stands for a
A.
photometer.
B.
charge-coupled device.
C.
core collapse device.
D.
spectrograph.
Question #19
Which of the following would be true about comparing gamma rays and radio waves?
A.
Gamma rays would have a shorter wavelength and a lower energy than radio waves.
B.
Gamma rays would have a lower frequency and travel the same speed as radio waves.
C.
Radio waves would have a shorter wavelength and higher energy than gamma rays.
D.
Radio waves would have a longer wavelength and travel the same speed as gamma rays
E.
Radio waves would have a lower energy and would travel slower than gamma rays.
Question #20
A telescope that suffers from chromatic aberration and has a low light gathering power is most likely
A.
a large diameter refracting telescope.
B.
a small diameter refracting telescope.
C.
a small diameter reflecting telescope.
D.
a large diameter reflecting telescope.
Question #21
____ has (have) wavelengths that are longer than visible light.
A.
X-rays
B.
Gamma-rays
C.
Infrared radiation
D.
Ultraviolet light
Question #22
The technique called ____ uses a high-speed computer to monitor atmospheric distortion and adjust the optics of a telescope to partially compensate for the seeing.
A.
photometry
B.
spherical aberration
C.
active optics
D.
chromatic aberration
E.
adaptive optics
Question #23
If the Moon is in the Waxing Gibbous phase today, approximately how long will it be until the Moon is in the Waxing Crescent phase?
A.
two weeks
B.
three weeks
C.
one day
D.
one week
E.
a month
Question #24
Approximately how many Moons would fit between the Earth and the Moon?
A.
50
B.
30
C.
120
D.
150
E.
200
Question #25
The sun's magnetic field is evident in the looped shapes of
A.
solar flares.
B.
the corona.
C.
granules.
D.
solar prominences.
E.
sunspots.
Question #26
Hydrostatic equilibrium is a balance between:
A.
pressure and gravity
B.
core temperature and surface temperature
C.
heat and rotation
D.
radiation and heat
Question #27
Most of the energy emitted by the sun is generated in the
A.
corona.
B.
chromosphere.
C.
photosphere.
D.
core.
Question #28
When two atomic nuclei come together to form a new species of atom, it is called:
A.
nuclear fission
B.
nuclear splitting
C.
nuclear recombination
D.
nuclear fusion
Question #29
High temperatures are required to get H nuclei to fuse because they ____ one another because of their ____ electric charges.
A.
repel, positive
B.
attract, positive
C.
repel, negative
D.
attract, negative
Question #30
The ____ is(are) the hot gases that are the moving extension of the sun's corona.
A.
flares
B.
supergranules
C.
prominences
D.
spicules
E.
solar wind
Question #31
Fusion is promoted in the core of the sun by the ____ there.
A.
low temperature and low density
B.
low temperature and high density
C.
high temperature and low density
D.
high temperature and high density
Question #32
Kepler's first law of planetary motion implies that
A.
the planets move at a constant speeds at all points in their orbits.
B.
the planets all move around the Earth in elliptical orbits.
C.
planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun.
D.
uniform circular motion is adequate to describe the motion of all planets.
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