Which of the following is slippery outer covering found in some bacteria that protects them from phagocytosis by host phagocytic cells?

Usually, bacteria form more endospores in response to:

Flemingâ s work and discovery of penicillin in the late 1920â s was a monumental contribution treating human bacterial infections. Approximately one-hundred years later, most bacteria it was originally used to treat have â madeâ their own enzymes to change penicillin and subsequently they have become resistant to its affects. Which of the following is the name of the portion of the antibiotic that resistant bacterial strains and their enzymes â attackâ , rendering the antibiotic harmless?

In which growth curve phase would you expect to observe the most endospores in a Bacillus cell culture?

The presence of a bacterial capsule can help a bacterium that possesses it, in all of the following ways EXCEPT help it to:

Bacterial cytoplasm can contain all of the following, EXCEPT:

The general name of the functional group of proteins that microorganisms use to anchor themselves to the surface of their hosts are called:

Suppose that you made an anti-viral drug for SARS-COV2 that prevented it from attaching to the host cell receptor that it typically attaches to, called the ACE2 receptor. In terms of the virus' ability to replicate, which of the following BEST describes what your novel (new) anti-viral drug did to prevent infection?

Which of the following bacterial cell structures plays an important role in the creation of biofilms?

When flagella are distributed all around a bacterial cell, the arrangement is called:

Which of the following is an internal motile organelle that some bacteria like spirochetes use to propel themselves?

Which bacterial cell structures MUST useful antibiotics penetrate in order to kill the bacteria that they are targeted to destroy?

Which of the following are BOTH flagella and pili made of?

Choose the among the answer choices below the pair that BEST completes the following statement: Microorganisms might be virulent (i.e., be capable of causing infectious diseases) because of:

Which of the following would be the BEST term describing bacteria living in salt marshes?

Bacteria do not always swim aimlessly but are attracted by such nutrients such as sugar and amino acids and are repelled by harmful substances and bacterial waste products. Movement toward chemical attractants and away from repellents is called:

Choose the answer that completes the following statement. Electrons have a shorter wavelength than light microscopes. As a result, microscopes using electrons as their energy source have___________ resolution.

Which of the following is transmission electron microscopy (TEM) the BEST for viewing?

Which of the following has the highest radiation energy?

Suppose you were using a dark-field microscope to view bacterial cells. Which of the following BEST describes their general appearance using this particular microscope?

Choose the among the answer choices below the pair that BEST completes the following statement: The instrument that produces a dark image of the specimen against a bright background is called a(n) __________ microscope.

If you were given a specimen of an active, motile microorganism, which of the following types of microscopy would be the MOST EFFECTIVE in visualizing the live microbe?

Which of the following types of microscopy provides a three-dimensional surface image of viruses and bacterial cells?

Which of the following forms of light microscopy would you use if you wanted the BEST combination of contrast and resolution necessary to look at LIVING cells?

The minimum distance that two objects may be separated and still be detected as two distinct particles, rather than a single particle is:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that infects the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis. It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. Which of the following terms BEST describes its relationship with oxygen?

Which of the following segments of the growth curve would starvation proteins be at their HIGHEST detectable levels?

Which of the following would BEST describe a culture broth tube that was very turbid at the surface but clear throughout the rest of the tube?

You isolate bacteria from a mine draining water and measure the pH from this water at pH = 2.0. Which of the following growth terms BEST describes this organism?

An aquatic microbe that can grow only at the surface of the water is probably which of the following?

Quorum sensing is used by bacterial cells to determine which of the following?

Which of the following is the BEST reason why psychrophilic bacteria will not grow in hyperthermophilic environments?

Choose the among the answer choices below the pair that BEST completes the following statement: A cell placed in a(n) __________ solution will __________ water.

In lecture, we described the similarity in appearance of bacterial growth curves and the stages of human infection curve. Which of the following BEST explains why these two curves are similar in shape and size?

Which of the following BEST describes what happens to cells numbers and density in the exponential growth phase?

You have isolated a bacterium from the bottom from a deep ocean trench, in a tropical location. Which of the following terms BEST describes its physical or chemical growth requirements?

Why is the exponential phase of growth curve of bacteria limited in its duration?

During which growth curve phase would penicillin, an antibiotic that inhibits cell-wall synthesis, be most effective?

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by BOTH endospores and vegetative cells?

Some species of bacteria can grow in hot water, such as hot tubs that people have in their homes, some of which reach temperatures in excess of 100°F. Which of the following BEST describes bacteria isolated from such a hot tub?

In which environment are you most likely to encounter acidophiles?

Which of the following BEST defines the growth phase period between inoculation of bacteria and beginning of multiplication in a culture medium?

A microbiology student noticed that a culture broth tube was very turbid at the surface but clear throughout the rest of the tube. Which of her following conclusions about the growth of these organisms is CORRECT?