Anthropology 121 -. Anthropology of Religion » Spring 2023 » Midterm

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Question #1
What is a “maladaptation”?
A.   A cultural practice that contradicts a people’s own culturally-specific logic
B.   A cultural practice that contradicts the Western/European view of reality
C.   A cultural practice that hurts a lot of people
D.   A cultural practice that is biologically required to be harmful
Question #2
The emic perspective describes
A.   the historical point of view
B.   both historical and economic perspectives
C.   the researchers point of view
D.   the insiders point of view
Question #3
Which of the following does not form part of the anthropological four-field approach?
A.   Cultural anthropology
B.   Archaeology
C.   Physical anthropology
D.   Phycology
Question #4
In anthropology, the Marxist Approach examines the _________ that exist within and across cultural groups.
A.   equal distribution of power
B.   linear evolution
C.   power imbalances
Question #5
The belief that nature is animated with spirits is called ____.
A.   ennui
B.   animation
C.   animatism
D.   animism
Question #6
For which kind of practice would the practitioner need to collect nails or hair from a particular person?
A.   Imitative magic
B.   Contagious magic
C.   Animism
D.   Voodoo
Question #7
The ___________is marked by images, jewelry, creative use of resources and other cultural manifestations of modern human behavior.
A.   renaissance
B.   creative explosion
C.   enlightenment
D.   artistic novus
Question #8
The major difference between animism and animatism has to do with whether the supernatural force which occupies an entity is
A.   an example of witchcraft or of divination
B.   natural or supernatural
C.   personal or impersonal ( an impersonal force without identity).
D.   a god or an ancestral spirit
Question #9
Before ________years ago, archaeological sites associated with H. sapiens are marked by complex tools, and symbolic creations.
A.   2,050,000
B.   6,500,000
C.   50,000
D.   100,000
Question #10
Boas is credited with __________ in/of anthropology.
A.   creating the first museum
B.   being the first person to obtain a degree in anthropology
C.   forming the first LAVC course
D.   introducing the four field approach
Question #11
The use of a Voodoo doll would be classified as ___________
A.   imitative magic
B.   contagious magic
Question #12
Humanities greatest adaptation is
A.   specialized teeth.
B.   culture
C.   sweat glands.
D.   bipedal locomotion.
Question #13
Magic is broadly defined as an attempt to change or improve their lives by magical means.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #14
Homo sapiens probably began to bury their dead
A.   for ritualistic reasons associated with their understanding of an afterlife.
B.   to prevent the rotting bodies from smelling up the place.
C.   to prevent the depreciation of their property value.
Question #15
Religion is "real" becuase it ___________.
A.   impacts people's lives
B.   can be proven magically
C.   can be proven historically
D.   can be proven scientifically
Question #16
What is cultural relativism?
A.   Describes how cultures organize families.
B.   It forms the basis of Einstein’s theory of relativity.
C.   The existence of many cultural definitions.
D.   The principle that an individual human's beliefs should be interpreted in terms of his/her own culture.
Question #17
Malinowski’s work in the Trobriand islands marked the beginnings of _______________
A.   questionnaires
B.   videotaping
C.   participant observation
D.   surveys
Question #18
People commonly feel that the behaviors and customs that they’ve grown up with are the correct ones and that people in other societies who do not share those patterns are immoral or inferior. The tendency to judge other cultures without trying to grasp the reasons behind their customs is what anthropologists refer to as _________.
A.   Acculturation
B.   ethnocentrism
C.   Diffusion
D.   cultural relativism
Question #19
"To effectively understand our species, we must attempt to understand all possible human variables with the idea that all variables are interrelated with each other and thus cannot be studied in isolation." The above statement embodies which of the following anthropological perspective?
A.   Mind theory
B.   Comparative perspective
C.   Relativistic perspective
D.   Holistic perspective
Question #20
In anthropology, culture can be defined as
A.   the intellectual achievements of our species
B.   the ideas, traditions, laws, and morals that are learned from our social group and that are passed down the generations.
C.   being woke
Question #21
In Africa, fossils resembling modern Homo sapiens begin to appear in the fossil record around ________ years ago.
A.   5,000,000
B.   200,000
C.   1,800,000
D.   6,000
Question #22
Armchair anthropologists
A.   were amateur anthropologists who wrote subjective and ethnocentric cultural reports using unverified accounts.
B.   were important anthropology department chairs that were responsible for the study of culture.
C.   are trained anthropologist that only do library research for comparative studies.
D.   were editors of the first anthropological journals.
Question #23
Anthropology literally translates to the study of
A.   the products of human societies.
B.   humans
C.   human religion.
D.   human population patterns.
Question #24
Match the terms to its definition: Cultural Evolutionism
A.   The theoretical approaches that argues that human cultures adapt and change over time.
B.   A cultural structure that typically includes magical belief, ritual, morality, and the building of community
C.   The belief in spirit beings.
D.   The belief that human mind cannot conceive of the divine.
Question #25
Match the terms to its definition: Animism
A.   The belief that human mind cannot conceive of the divine.
B.   A cultural structure that typically includes magical belief, ritual, morality, and the building of community
C.   The survival, in some form, of the human soul after death.
D.   The belief in spirit beings.
Question #26
Match the terms to its definition: Agnostic
A.   Theoretical approach that argues that human religion spreads along trade routes.
B.   The development of religion inspired by the power of nature.
C.   Polynesian/Melanesian word for supernatural force found in nature.
D.   The belief that human mind cannot conceive of the divine.
Question #27
Match the terms to its definition: Religion
A.   A cultural structure that typically includes magical belief, ritual, morality, and the building of community
B.   A major world religion that includes Catholicism and Protestantism.
C.   Polynesian/Melanesian word for supernatural force found in nature.
D.   The idea that all types of work fulfill God's calling
Question #28
Match the terms to its definition: Transmigration
A.   The idea that all types of work fulfill God's calling
B.   A major world religion that includes Catholicism and Protestantism.
C.   The theoretical approaches that argues that human cultures adapt and change over time.
D.   The survival, in some form, of the human soul after death.
Question #29
Match the terms to its definition: Diffusionism
A.   The development of religion inspired by the power of nature.
B.   Theoretical approach that argues that human religion spreads along trade routes.
C.   The idea that all types of work fulfill God's calling
D.   Polynesian/Melanesian word for supernatural force found in nature.
Question #30
Match the terms to its definition: Animatism
A.   The development of religion inspired by the power of nature.
B.   The idea that all types of work fulfill God's calling
C.   Polynesian/Melanesian word for supernatural force found in nature.
D.   A major world religion that includes Catholicism and Protestantism.
Question #31
Match the terms to its definition: Mana
A.   A major world religion that includes Catholicism and Protestantism.
B.   Polynesian/Melanesian word for supernatural force found in nature.
C.   The belief in spirit beings.
D.   The idea that all types of work fulfill God's calling
Question #32
Match the terms to its definition: Protestant Work Ethic
A.   The idea that all types of work fulfill God's calling
B.   The belief in spirit beings.
C.   The belief that human mind cannot conceive of the divine.
D.   The theoretical approaches that argues that human cultures adapt and change over time.
Question #33
Match the terms to its definition: Christianity
A.   The belief that human mind cannot conceive of the divine.
B.   A major world religion that includes Catholicism and Protestantism.
C.   The belief in spirit beings.
D.   A cultural structure that typically includes magical belief, ritual, morality, and the building of community

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