A.   Align with the sunrise and sunset on summer and winter solstices.

B.   All of these

C.   Pierced with small holes representing stars of four constellations. 

D.   Arranged in a cross pattern in the desert.

A.   Through painting the Northern California landscape.

B.   None of these

C.   By building sculpture in the landscape.

D.   Through Choreography and Dance.

A.   Collage

B.   Drawing

C.   Building

D.   Writing

A.   Light

B.   Wood

C.   Concrete

D.   Air

A.   Central Park was conceived as the antidote—the one-stop shop to solve all the problems New Yorkers blamed on immigrants. Immigrants had very little to do with building cities and urban parks in 19th century America. They lived in slums, squatted on and lived off the land.

B.   None of these

C.   Immigrants had very little to do with building cities and urban parks in 19th century America. They lived in slums, squatted on and lived off the land. 20,000 workers - Yankee engineers, Irish laborers, German gardeners, and native-born stonecutters - reshaped the site's topography to create urban park pastoral landscapes.

D.   Central Park was conceived as the antidote—the one-stop shop to solve all the problems New Yorkers blamed on immigrants. 20,000 workers - Yankee engineers, Irish laborers, German gardeners, and native-born stonecutters - reshaped the site's topography to create urban park pastoral landscapes.

A.   Creating informal curved paths with an element of surprise at the terminus. 

B.   Creating a mirror image on either side along a central axis.

C.   Creating a focal point at the end of a central axis.

D.   Designing both sides differently on either side of a central axis.

A.   Designed to keep students from getting on to the lawn Used for sheltered circulation and a porch.

B.   Unifying architectural elements. Used for sheltered circulation and a porch.

C.   None of these

D.   Unifying architectural elements. Designed to keep students from getting on to the lawn

A.   A high-rise commune located in the high desert southwest, New Mexico.

B.   A large 'D'-Shaped building with 800 circular, underground shelters and common-use kivas.

C.   A series of stacked pueblo structures located in Taos, New Mexico.

D.   An urban plaza surrounded by homes of indigenous people.

A.   The park was to be a unified work of landscape art.

B.   Create a Democratic institution by virtue of mixing classes.

C.   To separate vehicular and pedestrian circulation.

D.   All of these.

A.   None of these

B.   It serves as a backyard for city residents. It contains a series of separate park spaces – one for each neighborhood.

C.   It contains a series of separate park spaces – one for each neighborhood. It connects people to nature.

D.   It serves as a backyard for city residents. It connects people to nature.

A.   The Mall, Washington, D.C.

B.   The Great White City, Chicago 

C.   The World's Fair, New York 

D.   Central Park, New York City

A.   A painterly approach to garden planting.

B.   Utilizing the concept of drifts of planting. 

C.   All of these.

D.   The informal and naturalistic look to her gardens.

A.   Creating a series of terraced garden rooms and vistas. Designing a series of graded flat sites, each containing an arbor and public lawn.

B.   None of these

C.   Creating a series of terraced garden rooms and vistas. A careful selection of plants, materials and ornament; defining each room's character and use.

D.   Designing a series of graded flat sites, each containing an arbor and public lawn. A careful selection of plants, materials and ornament; defining each room's character and use.

A.   Eckbo and Kiley

B.   Rose and Rose

C.   The Olmsted Brothers

D.   Greene and Greene

A.   None of these

B.   The visual importance of the aesthetic nature of joints. The whole building was entirely built of wood.

C.   The visual importance of the aesthetic nature of joints. The structure of the house is externalized.

D.   The whole building was entirely built of wood. The structure of the house is externalized.

A.   Radio City Music Hall

B.   Chrysler Building

C.   Rockefeller Center

D.   All of these

A.   To solely work alone, never with architects or teams.

B.   To avoid detail and craft in her landscape project work. 

C.   To forge new relationships with the site's surroundings.

D.   To build every landscape detail with Corten Steel. 

A.   Suburban sprawl development of communities on rural or abandoned sites.

B.   The layering of design aspects to determine the best places for design interventions on sites.

C.   The Land Ethic in enlarging boundaries of the natural community, to include aspects of the land, collectively.

D.   The desert ecoregion as places containing layered sand dunes and oasis environments.

A.   John Muir

B.   Ansel Adams

C.   Henry David Thoreau

D.   Aldo Leopold

A.   None of these

B.   The Theodore Payne Foundation, California Native Plants

C.   The Theodore Payne Foundation, Urban Ecology in cities

D.   Urban Ecology in cities, California Native Plants

A.   Structures built around a central chimney.

B.   A blurred distinction between interior and exterior terrain.

C.   All of these.

D.   Low, horizontal lines to blend with the flat landscape.

A.   Japanese Architecture

B.   Harmony between man and nature

C.   Organic philosophy

D.   All of these

A.   Used Tropical plants in every project

B.   Designed gardens based on Modern Art

C.   Disliked straight lines

D.   Always used imported landscape materials

A.   Plants chosen as much for their structure as flower color.

B.   Formal rows of plants in his garden designs.

C.   Designs utilizing artificial plants for low maintenance. 

D.   Garden designs for people of specific socio-economic groups. 

A.   The Village

B.   The Ward

C.   The District

D.   The Camp

A.   None of these

B.   A federal law that provides funding for low income housing in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

C.   The power of the government to take private property and convert it into public use.

D.   Part of the 5th Amendment, which provides for no compensation to private land owners when the government seizes their property.

A.   Marris believes that the modern conservation movement is in need of a paradigm shift. She rejects the implicit idea of purity that lies at the foundation of the wilderness ethic. Marris argues that there are now no ecosystems on Earth that have not been affected by us in some way.

B.   Marris believes that the modern conservation movement is in need of a paradigm shift. She rejects the implicit idea of purity that lies at the foundation of the wilderness ethic. Marris believes that pristine and untouched wilderness exists in our own backyrads and everywhere in the 21st Century.

C.   None of these

D.   Marris believes that pristine and untouched wilderness exists in our own backyrads and everywhere in the 21st Century. Marris argues that there are now no ecosystems on Earth that have not been affected by us in some way.

A.   Repton designed landscapes to be composed like landscape paintings with a foreground, a middle ground and a background.

B.   Repton concentrated on synthetic materials in every detail as a foundation of the work.

C.   Repton was a formal designer, celebrating structure over the whimsical.

D.   Repton embraced a systematic approach by designing resilient landscapes.

A.   To be connected

B.   To live with dignity 

C.   To be interpreted

D.   All of these

A.   A flexible and accommodating event venue

B.   A model for sustainability and resilience

C.   A welcoming civic front yard

D.   All of these

A.   Concrete with exposed rebar

B.   Manufactured plastics

C.   Ephemeral or organic materials

D.   Quarried local Travertine

A.   Domestic residences

B.   For spiritual ceremonies

C.   Rites and political meetings

D.   All of these

A.   Ha-ha walls were used to separate the working farm from the pleasure grounds and keep farm animals contained, without a vertical, visual obstruction.

B.   The ha-ha wall was a wall constructed with brightly colored and reflective materials.

C.   None of these

D.   Ha-ha walls were constructed as whimsical structures to make users smile.

A.   The work essentially consists of what is not there, what has been displaced, yet it is still a sculpture.

B.   Double Negative is a series of glass mirrors in the desert reflecting a mirror image of the piece.

C.   The land art piece Double Negative communicates a negative idea toward art in the landscape.

D.   None of these

A.   Academic research on green infrastructure.

B.   None of these

C.   Landscape for play for inner city families.

D.   Public interest and environmental justice in landscape architecture.

A.   Sustainable campus design

B.   Agrarian Democracy

C.   Colonial American values

D.   Planning for inclusive social interaction

A.   Modernism and Post-Modernism

B.   The City Beautiful and Beaux Arts

C.   Baroque and Renaissance

D.   Conceptualism and Minimalism

A.   There was an increased supply of timber to build an additional estate on the grounds.

B.   The creation of tree shade and a decrease in the heat island effect on the property.

C.   Increased income for the Vanderbilt’s as a result of the increase in timber production.

D.   The establishment of the first forestry education program in the United States.

A.   The micro climate cooling effect of water as a material. So visitors could touch the water, creating a personal influence to the piece.

B.   She got her inspiration from a passage in Martin Luther King Jr's "I have a dream" speech. So visitors could touch the water, creating a personal influence to the piece.

C.   None of these

D.   She got her inspiration from a passage in Martin Luther King Jr's "I have a dream" speech. The micro climate cooling effect of water as a material.

A.   To create works of art for joy and beauty. To place fabric on the land to measure wind velocity

B.   To place fabric on the land to measure wind velocity. To create new ways of seeing familiar landscapes

C.   To create works of art for joy and beauty. To create new ways of seeing familiar landscapes

D.   None of these