This peace treaty brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers in 1918. However, also imposed HEAVY penalties on Germany.

This vocabulary term describes a nickname given to the era between 1870-1890 from the title of a Mark Twain novel. Its meaning implies something is covered in a layer of gold but masks a deceivingly hollow and little-value core. What is this term?

This election campaign was a strategy of Republican candidates used to stress the sacrifices that the nation endures in the Civil War against Democratic southern secessionists. It was a political game used to delegitimize their political rival, Hayes, and his chances of winning. What was this 1870s campaign called?

Andrew Jackson utilized this type of system that encompassed rewarding friends and supporters with political appointments, instead of elevating them to office with a merit-based system. What was this system called?

This 1882 strike was a pivotal moment in U.S. labor history where a battle ensued between Carnegie’s and Henry Frick’s hired policemen/militiamen and the factory’s laborers who wanted Union rights. Ultimately, the corporate interests won in this situation since the government did not intervene in the situation, allowing the wealthy business forces to overcome the early union. What was this strike called?

This type of writing exposed corruption and abuses in politics, business, meatpacking, child labor, and other important areas of American society in the 20th century. What was this type of explorative journalism called?

From the many muckraking journalistic efforts of the 20th century, one book by Upton Sinclair broke through into a best-seller list. This 1906 work uncovered a huge meatpacking industry scandal where meat was shown as being unclean, tainted, and sometimes selling rotten meat to the consumers. Even the president of the United States was brought to attention over this scandal. What was this book called?

Attempting to speed up and make factory work efficient, this system was aimed at improving factory efficiency rates through the principle of standardization, limiting workers to repetitive tasks and reducing human contact to not waste time. It was coined by Frederick Winslow Taylor. What was this system called?

Founded in 1874, this became the largest female organization with a membership of around 150,000 by 1890 in the fight to bring temperance to the United States. They demanded prohibition of alcohol, blamed men for wasting familial money on booze, and treating their wives unfairly. This was a major precursor to the later Prohibition Act. What was this organization called?

This vocabulary term describes a social movement encouraging moderation or self-restraint in the consumption of alcoholic beverages. What is this movement?

The 19th century saw pamphlets and promotional materials used to demonstrate to the American public the harms of alcoholism. One such material was the 9-step timeline of how a gentleman turns from a well-to-do man in society to a drunken mess close to death. What was this famous progression material called?

This intellectual’s policy to improve the African American community advocated for improving their economic wellbeing. Through hard work, business ownership, and rising economic status, their lives and social standing in society would improve. This man was who?

This intellectual’s policy to improve the African American community advocated for immediate equality by fighting politically, economically, and socially. Wanted quick change and did not accept one step back. This man was who?

Before American expansion throughout the American region and abroad, what type of foreign policy did the United States still employ? Many senators and politicians still advocated for this type of policy before the onset of WWI.

Utilizing some principles from science but intermixing it with racist ideologies, this theory claimed to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics. It created an explanation for society wherein some are born stronger and smarter than others, destined for greatness, while others are born weaker and destined for servititude. What was this theory called?

In Frederick Jackson Turner's early 20th century work, he wrote an idea which stated that the encounter of European traditions and a native wilderness was integral to the development of American democracy, individualism, and innovative character. This work maintained that pushing onwards with expansion was America's greatest strength, and destiny. What was this work called?

Who was the last sovereign monarch of Hawaii before American annexation of the island kingdom?

Since newspapers were the primary tool to spread information during the turn of the century, newspapers held an immense amount of influential power. What type of journalism fabricated eye-catching headlines to increase sales, exaggerated news events, and created scandalous material all for sensationalism purposes?

President Theodore Roosevelt rose to prominence in his pre-presidential year by leaving the U.S. Navy to volunteer in the Spanish American War. During his cavalry storming of San Juan Hill, he and his men gained fame by turning the tide of the battle. What was his troop contingent forever remembered as?

Moving closer to WWI, what was the policy of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically?

During World War I, the enormous military forces of the European powers became bogged down in fighting over miles and miles of borders. Instead of fighting head-on, as traditional warfare was done, was new type of warfare tactic emerged that prolonged the war?

Although the sinking of the SMS Lusitania angered American sentiment toward WWI, it was still not enough to rally politicians to become pro-war. What communication was received through intelligence efforts that ultimately gave the United States the final push to enter into WWI?

During WWI, this African American brigade achieved great renown for their heroism and fighting ferociously on the battlefields of Europe. Being the first African American unit to engage in combat in WWI, they fought German raids, kill numerous enemies, and were primarily from a well-known region in New York. What were they called?

During the early 20th century, these type of films had no synchronized recorded sound. They utilized title cards to convey messages, and written indications of plot and dialogue. What were these soundless movies called?

This fear spread throughout the United States during the 20th century, giving fears of rising communist and anarchist sentiments. It was the fear of Bolsheviks infiltrating American society that brought heightened levels of uncertainty. What was this fear called?

This famous case involved two Italian-American immigrants who were known anarchists in the community. Arrested for a robbery crime that held little evidence to convict them, the judge and jury still saw fit to sentence them to death by electric chair. This was a clear example of the justice system being prone to anti-immigrant and Bolshevik fears. What was this famous case called?

This 1925 trial was the epitome of Fundamentalism seeping its way into the courtroom. During this trial, a Tennessee teacher was accused of violating state law because the state prohibited teaching the theory of evolution to students. The teacher sought fit to still teach evolution, and thus the lawsuit began by conservative fundamentalist forces, citing that traditional values were on the decline in America. What was this famous trial's name?