Soc 001 - Introduction to Sociology » Fall 2019 » Exam 3

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Question #1
Sita is giving a class presentation on the voting behavior of Americans. She correctly tells her classmates that people with higher  incomes are:
A.   Just as likely as people with low incomes to vote
B.   are much less likely than people with low income to vote
C.   More likely than people with low incomes to vote
D.   Less likely than people with low incomes to vote
Question #2
Which of the following is not true regarding The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act?
A.   It reformed U.S. welfare policy
B.   It created the Temporary Aid to Needy Families program
C.   It also had a significant impact on many in the upper-middle class.
D.   It was enacted by President Bill Clinton
Question #3
At the steel plant, all minorities hired are assigned to work the battery pits, one of the dirtiest jobs in the mill. Even so, the battery pit workers wear this assignment as a badge of honor and have developed a close social bond that transcends the time they spend at the mill. How would Karl Marx describe their solidarity?
A.   The workers are experiencing false class consciousness.
B.   The workers share class consciousness.
C.   The workers' sense of fairness has been influenced by primogeniture.
D.   The workers are victims of social stratification.
Question #4
In India, society is divided into 4 different groups called castes. The castes are ranked from the highest to the lowest and certain societal rewards and privileges are given to those in the higher caste, while the rewards and privileges are withheld from the lower cases. This ranking is an example of:
A.   income distribution
B.   social reform
C.   social stratification
D.   structural mobility
Question #5
Manuel does not have the food, clothing, or shelter to survive another cold winter. Manuel is experiencing:
A.   relative poverty
B.   low-level poverty
C.   absolute poverty
D.   transitional poverty
Question #6
What is the significant difference between the class system and the systems of slavery, caste, and estate?
A.   The class system works in democracies.
B.   The class system has fluid boundaries.
C.   The class system existed before the other three.
D.   The class system is not based on religion.
Question #7
Jamaica is a poor country that borrowed funds from the United States. Unable to repay the loan, Jamaica has agreed to numerous alliances and trade agreements that benefit the United States. This process in which a powerful nation uses loans and economic power to maintain control over a poor nation is called:
A.   slavery
B.   neocolonialism
C.   globalization
D.   caste system
Question #8
Which statement regarding the nation's income is most accurate?  
A.   The bottom 20 percent of Americans earn about 15 percent of the income.
B.   The top two-thirds of Americans earn about two-thirds of the income.
C.   The top 20 percent of Americans earn nearly half the income.
D.   Income earnings are just about evenly divided among all Americans.
Question #9
As a full professor of sociology, Jackie ranks high in prestige, but relatively low in income. What can one expect of her political views?
A.   She will be ultra conservative.
B.   She will probably become a socialist worker.
C.   She will be apathetic towards politics.
D.   She will be more politically radical.
Question #10
When Bosnian Serbs practiced ethnic cleansing of the Muslim population during the 1990s, they employed a combination of ________. 
A.   genocide and pluralism
B.   assimilation and segregation
C.   population transfer and segregation
D.   population transfer and genocide
Question #11
Which of the following characteristics is most associated with the class system? 
A.   class distinction for life based on ascription
B.   enforced norms of endogamy
C.   movement up and down the class ladder
D.   ownership of one group of people by another
Question #12
The meaning of race:
A.   is entirely dependent upon fixed biological characteristics
B.   tends to be quite similar in all cultures
C.   is based on biological factors only
D.   varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed
Question #13
What advantage does the author see in passing laws that would require background checks of nursing home workers? 
A.   They would improve the efficiency of nursing home operations
B.   They would allow nursing homes to apply for more grants and reduce costs to families.
C.   They would make licensure of nursing homes easier.
D.   They would likely reduce the incidents of elderly abuse.
Question #14
Which of the following statements regarding environmental racism is false?
A.   Environmental racism is a subtle form of racism.
B.   There is the dumping of waste on Native American lands.
C.   Extreme cases of arthritis consitute examples of health related issues resulting from environmental racism.
D.   Coal power plants are disproprtionately placed in comminities of color.
Question #15
Margaret Mead’s research on gender in three societies showed that
A.   All societies define masculine in the same way.
B.   Some societies have no definitions for gender categories.
C.   All societies define feminine in the same way.
D.   Societies may define both “masculine” and “feminine” differently.
Question #16
Archie is a 35 year old white man who dropped out of school in the 8th Michael is a 53 year old white man with a graduate degree. Which of the following is true?
A.   Michael is more likely than Archie to be prejudiced against Asians.
B.   Archie is more likely than Michael to be prejudiced against Asians.
C.   Michael and Archie are equally likely to be prejudiced against Asians
D.   No conclusion can be drawn from the statement.
Question #17
James is a sanitation worker. He collects garbage from the curb and throws it into a truck driven by his buddy Dan. As such, Weber would consider James a(n):
A.   craftsman
B.   skilled laborer
C.   unskilled worker
D.   bureaucrat
Question #18
Peggy McIntosh described ___________ as "an invisible package of unearned assests that I can count on cashing in each day but about which I was meant to remain oblivious."
A.   brown power
B.   white privilege
C.   white power
D.   white supremacy
Question #19
Todd is a four year old and he has a strong perception of himself as a male. He doesn’t want to wear same type of clothes nor play with the same types of toys as his sister Bonnie. The perception reflects Todd’s:
A.   androgyny
B.   machismo
C.   gender identity
D.   sex
Question #20
John worked at a steel mill for 25 years. A recessionary economy and competition with foreign steelmakers forced the closing of the mill. At the age of 45, John is unable to find work in his town, lives in poverty, and must go on welfare. What is the most likely cause of John's poverty
A.   Changes in John's value system are the most likely cause.
B.   It is due to his unwillingness to work.
C.   Changes in the social structure are the most likely cause.
D.   He is not intelligent enough to get a better job.
Question #21
Which of the following was depicted in The Loving Story?
A.   The ACLU took the Loving case to the U.S. Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated all anti-miscegenation laws in 1967.
B.   Richard and Mildred Loving found very little support from whites.
C.   The ACLU took the Loving case to the Virginia Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated the Virginia anti-miscegenation statute in 1965
D.   None of the above is true.
Question #22
The Hyattsville Country Club requires that person’s grandfather had to be a member of the club in order to qualify for membership. Because blacks were not allowed to join the club in the 1960s and the 1970s, there are no black members today. This rule, which maintains the advantage for the dominant group while providing the appearance of fairness to all is an example of :
A.   cronyism
B.   stereotyping
C.   institutional discrimination
D.   individual discrimination
Question #23
Carlo and his family emigrated to the S. from Columbia. Upon arrival, Carlo instructed his family to give up their old ways and integrate themselves into mainstream society. This meant learning a new language, dressing a different way, and eating different foods. This family is an example of a(n):
A.   militant minority
B.   assimilationist minority
C.   secessionists minority
D.   pluralistic minority
Question #24
What is the relationship between births to single women and their level of education?
A.   the lower the level of education, the fewer births to single women
B.   There is no relationship between the level of education and births to single women.
C.   the greater the level of education, the fewer births to single women
D.   the greater the level of education, the more births to single women
Question #25
Which statement is least accurate regarding sex and gender?
A.   The world offers unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on one's sex
B.   Being born male or female carries images and expectations on how one should act.
C.   Gender is sociologically significant because it is the way in which society controls its members.
D.   The terms "sex" and "gender" are sociologically and biologically interchangeable.
Question #26
Which of the following statements best describes how most sociologists believe behavioral gender differences develop between men and women?
A.   Gender differences are based on social factors
B.   Gender differences are based on physiological differences.
C.   Gender differences are based on genetic dispositions.
D.   Gender differences are the result of biological differences.
Question #27
The first wave of the women's movement had a radical branch and a conservative branch. What was the goal of the radical branch of the movement?
A.   campaigning to pass an Equal Rights Amendment
B.   winning the right to vote for women
C.   reforming all the institutions of society
D.   changing women's work roles
Question #28
Gender refers to :
A.   The personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being a male or female.
B.   The secondary sex characteristics of men and women
C.   The degree of inequality between men and women in a society
D.   people’s sexual orientation
Question #29
Because of the cost of medical school, poorer students are less likely to become doctors than higher status students. Which theorists would be more likely to examine how this trend impacts social stratification in the U.S.?
A.   symbolic interactionists
B.   functionalists theorists
C.   conflict theorists
D.   none
Question #30
Jeanann and her two children recently went on welfare. Research indicates that it is likely that Jeanann and her children will be in poverty ________
A.   for at least five or six years
B.   for a year or less
C.   between eight and ten years
D.   until both children are 18 years of age
Question #31
Based on the accident that led to the sex change of a seven-month-old identical twin as well as the Vietnam veterans' study, which statement is most accurate regarding the effects of nature and nurture on behavior? 
A.   Neither nature nor nurture is responsible for determining human behavior.
B.   Human behavior is the result of nature and nurture working together.
C.   Nature is the dominant force in determining human behavior.
D.   Nurture is the dominant force in determining human behavior.
Question #32
As described in the text, what are the two myths of race?
A.   All races have the same origin; race is a status that cannot be changed
B.   There is only one race; intelligence is based on race
C.   One race is superior to another; pure races exist
D.   Eventually there will only be one race; all races have the same origin
Question #33
The transition from welfare to work usually results in:
A.   blue-colar jobs
B.   white-collar jobs
C.   high-paying jobs
D.   low-paying Jobs
Question #34
The term "________" refers to prejudice, discrimination, and hostility directed against people because of their age, and was coined by the physician ________.
A.   gender age; Francis E. Downey
B.   ageism; Robert Butler
C.   age cohort; C. Everett Koop
D.   gerotranscendence; Lars Tornstam
Question #35
Today, in the United States, women earn:
A.   about the same as what men earn
B.   more than men earn in most occupations.
C.   about 77 cents for every dollar men earn.
D.   about half of what men earn

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