Nutrition 1010 - Introductory Nutrition » Summer 2023 » Chapter 09 Quiz Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

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Question #1
Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of medical issues that include all of the following EXCEPT:
A.   low blood sugar
B.   high blood pressure
C.   altered blood lipids
D.   central obesity
Question #2
To maintain energy balance, an individual's energy intake should be equal to what
A.   their thermic effect of food
B.   their total energy output
C.   their body mass index (BMI)
D.   their basal metabolic rate
Question #3
The use of body mass index (BMI) to predict body fatness is of least value in what population?
A.   women under 50
B.   college seniors
C.   teens
D.   athletes
Question #4
Why does administering leptin fail to reverse most obesity cases?
A.   Obese people are often resistant to the effects of leptin.
B.   It is an appetite-stimulating hormone.
C.   It is a satiety hormone.
D.   Fat loss suppresses leptin recognition.
Question #5
What theory suggests that after weight gain or loss the body adjusts its metabolism somewhat in the direction of restoring the original weight?
A.   fluctuating metabolism theory
B.   microbiota theory
C.   thermogenesis theory
D.   set-point theory
Question #6
What evidence suggests that a highly palatable, fat-rich, and sugar-rich food supply could be contributing to overeating and weight gain?
A.   Brain scans have shown that obese people are less likely to prefer fruit and vegetables.
B.   Eating highly palatable food decreases energy expenditure.
C.   Obese people have too much dopamine.
D.   Highly palatable food causes lasting changes in the brain's reward system.
Question #7
What is the most likely source of glucose fuel for the central nervous system after a person has refrained from eating for a few days (a short fast)?
A.   liver glycogen
B.   muscle glycogen
C.   the breakdown of protein from lean tissue
D.   ketone bodies
Question #8
What is the primary source of fuel for the central nervous system after a person refrains from eating for 10 days (a prolonged fast)?
A.   ketone bodies
B.   protein from lean tissue
C.   muscle glycogen
D.   liver glycogen
Question #9
Which of the following foods has the highest energy density?
A.   Food C: weighs 50 grams and provides 100 calories
B.   Food A: weighs 38 grams and provides 300 calories
C.   Food D: weighs 600 grams and provides 1,000 calories
D.   Food B: weighs 40 grams and provides 250 calories
Question #10
What is a beneficial role of physical activity in weight loss?
A.   Physical activity decreases weight by promoting loss of bone density.
B.   Working out requires extra sleep and getting extra sleep reduces food cravings and weight gain.
C.   Working out builds muscle and lean muscle tissue burns more calories per pound than fat does.
D.   Exercise reduces cortisol and gets rid of belly fat.
Question #11
Which is NOT a potential benefit of surgical obesity treatment?
A.   Depression and anxiety can improve after surgery.
B.   After surgery, people can return to their previous lifestyle and food choices and not worry about regaining the weight.
C.   Diabetes, insulin resistance, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, and heart disease immediately improve.
D.   Surgery may help shift the makeup of the intestinal bacteria toward a healthier profile.
Question #12
Which of the following is an appropriate behavior modification for replacing old eating and activity habits with new ones?
A.   Establish positive consequences for inappropriate eating or sedentary behaviors.
B.   Repeat the inappropriate eating and physical activity behaviors.
C.   Strengthen cues to appropriate eating and activities.
D.   Strengthen the inappropriate eating cues you cannot eliminate.
Question #13
The body's metabolic response to food is known as "Thermic effect of food" and uses up about___________ percent of a meal's energy value in stepped-up metabolism.
A.   5-10 percent
B.   70-90 percent
C.   25-33 percent
D.   50-65 percent
Question #14
What is the "female athlete triad"?
A.   three behaviors common in female athletes: perfectionism, anxiety, and depression
B.   three medical problems: heart disease, diabetes, and obesity
C.   three athletic problems: impaired speed, loss of balance, and inflexibility
D.   three associated medical problems: low energy availability, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis
Question #15
Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur as a symptom of anorexia?
A.   reduced nutrient absorption
B.   high body temperature
C.   kidney failure
D.   weakened heart

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