Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography » Spring 2023 » Week 8 Post-reading Quiz Ocean Chemistry

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Question #1
A_______ is a homogeneous mixture formed when a solid _________ gets dissolved in a liquid _______.
A.   solute, solution, solvent
B.   solute, solvent, solution
C.   solution, solvent, solute
D.   solution, solute, solvent
Question #2
The average time water stays in the ocean before being removed through evaporation (or other means) is about ____.
A.   100 years
B.   9 days
C.   10 years
D.   4,100 years
Question #3
What is the term for ocean components not accounted for by the weathering of continents?
A.   excess volatiles
B.   colligative properties
C.   conservative constituents
D.   non-conservative constituents
Question #4
What type of water mass dissolves a higher concentration of gases?
A.   polar water mass
B.   tropical water mass
C.   sub-tropical water mass
D.   equatorial water mass
Question #5
The concentration of ____ increases with depth, and influences the calcium carbonate compensation depth.
A.   dissolved iron
B.   ammonia
C.   nitrogen gas
D.   carbon dioxide
Question #6
What happens to pH levels in regions where there is excess carbon dioxide present?
A.   The seawater is able to buffer enough that there is no change
B.   The seawater becomes more alkaline.​
C.   The pH levels decrease in these regions.
D.   The pH levels increase in these regions.
Question #7
Residence time can be calculated as
A.   how much of an element is in the ocean multiplied by the rate of outflow from the ocean
B.   how much of element is present in the ocean divided by the rate of inflow to the ocean
C.   the concentration of salts in the ocean divided by the length of time it takes them to dissolve
D.   the volume of water in the ocean divided by the rate of evaporation
Question #8
Choose which of the following statements DOES NOT apply to Forchhammer's Principle of Constant Proportions:
A.   can be used to calculate total salinity based on a laboratory determination of chlorinity
B.   there will always be about twice as much chloride dissolved in the ocean as there is sodium
C.   states that there is a fixed ratio of conservative ions in seawater
D.   is not concerned with residence time or the mixing time of the ocean

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