Biol 15N Marine Biology » Winter 2020 » Exam 3
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Biol 15N Marine Biology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here
Question #1
A coral atoll is:
A.
typically found as a mounded structure on a continental shelf
B.
a type of coral commonly found on oceanic spreading centers
C.
a volcanic structure with abundant calcareous worms
D.
typically found on a submerged volcano
Question #2
Euryhaline species:
A.
Only tolerate small temperature changes
B.
Tolerate only a narrow range of salinities
C.
Need less oxygen to survive
D.
Can survive broad changes in salinity
E.
Are less common in estuaries than stenohaline species
Question #3
All of the following are abiotic factors except:
A.
Temerature
B.
Salinity
C.
Substrate
D.
Light
E.
Predation
Question #4
The upper limit of rocky intertidal communities is typically determined by:
A.
Both biological and physical factors
B.
Mostly biological factors
C.
Neither physical nor biological factors
D.
Mostly physical factors
Question #5
Coral reefs formed on the edge of land masses close to the shore are called:
A.
fringing reefs
B.
locks
C.
atolls
D.
barrier reefs
E.
keys
Question #6
The primary function of the kelp pneumatocyst is to...
A.
provide surface for epiphyte growth
B.
regulate gas exchange
C.
float blades toward the surface
D.
provide CO2 for photosynthesis
Question #7
Approximately what percentage of energy in a particular trophic level is passed on to the next trophic level?
A.
5%
B.
15%
C.
2%
D.
10%
Question #8
Predation by sea stars on rocky shores ultimately results in:
A.
Decrease in the number of seaweeds
B.
Fewer species
C.
More species overall
D.
Increase in the number of mussels
E.
Less wave action
Question #9
The primary challenge for sandy beach organisms is/are:
A.
food
B.
tides
C.
shifting sand
D.
salinity
E.
light
Question #10
An association in which one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped is called a _____ association.
A.
parasitic
B.
mutualistic
C.
episodic
D.
symbiotic
E.
commensalistic
Question #11
Ahermatypic corals are those that:
A.
Are non-reef builders
B.
Always have a soft skeleton
C.
Have zooxanthellae
D.
Only live in temperate waters
E.
Are scavengers
Question #12
The loss of estuaries and mangrove forests is particularly serious since these ecosystems:
A.
Provide nesting or resting areas to many seabirds
B.
Directly or indirectly provide food to many species
C.
Are among the most productive of all marine ecosystems
D.
All of the choices are true
E.
Provide habitats to many species
Question #13
Amongst reef-building corals, zooxanthellae:
A.
Provide the coral with protection from herbivores
B.
Provide the coral with protection from predators
C.
Provide the coral with carbon dioxide
D.
Release mucus and other chemicals
E.
Help in the deposition of the skeleton
Question #14
The “splash zone” refers to:
A.
Intertidal zones where splashing of waves is magnified by the shape of the local rock formations
B.
Regions of the lower tide zones where animals can retreat and remain wet at most times in the tidal cycle
C.
The region where crabs are usually found and “splash” around during feeding activities
D.
Tide pools in the upper intertidal where birds commonly bathe (seen from a distance as a “splash” environment)
E.
The upper most area of the intertidal, not usually covered by the tides during most days, but that is “splashed” with sea water during high tides
Question #15
The herbivorous, or plant eating, organisms in a trophic structure belong to ____ level.
A.
primary consumer
B.
primary producer
C.
quaternary consumer
D.
tertiary consumer
E.
secondary consumer
Question #16
Coral, fish, invertebrates that spawns eggs and sperm into the water for eternal fertilization are often termed ________.
A.
sexual reproducers
B.
broadcast spawners
C.
gamete spawners
D.
brooders
Question #17
The greatest coral diversity is found in:
A.
the Caribbean
B.
the Galapagos
C.
the Aleutian Islands
D.
the Hawaiian Islands
E.
the Indo-Pacific
Question #18
Tidal bores in estuaries result from the effect of:
A.
The Coriolis effect
B.
Differences in water temperature as one moves inland
C.
High tides moving in
D.
Freshwater moving from rivers
E.
Salt wedge moving toward the surface
Question #19
An example of a keystone species is/are:
A.
otters in kelp forests
B.
turtles in the intertidal
C.
octopus in the lower intertidal
D.
barnacles in the intertidal
E.
salmon in estuaries
Question #20
The physical structure described as a “coral reef” is constructed by organisms that produce:
A.
silicate
B.
strontium sulphate
C.
calcium bicarbonate
D.
chitin
E.
calcium carbonate
Question #21
A strong clinging foot is a vital adaptation for protection from predators for the:
A.
abalone
B.
squids
C.
tube snails
D.
scallops
E.
mussels
Question #22
Which of the following adaptations of intertidal molluscs help them avoid desiccation (drying up)?
A.
evaporative cooling
B.
none of these
C.
aerial respiration
D.
use of the operculum
E.
natal homing
Question #23
The primary sediment-type found within an estuary is ________, which is comprised of ________ and ________.
A.
clay, silt, mud
B.
silt, clay, mud
C.
mud, silt, clay
Question #24
________ is defined as the greatest number of individuals that can be sustained by the available resources.
A.
Steady state
B.
Maximum capacity
C.
An ecosystem's limit
D.
Carrying capacity
Question #25
A ________ is a an estuary found in areas that once had glaciers near the sea.
A.
coastal plain estuaries
B.
drowned fiver valleys
C.
fjord
D.
bar-build estuaries
Question #26
Under stressful conditions, scleractinian corals can purge their _____ symbionts; a process known as _____.
A.
zooxanthellae, mortality
B.
dinoflagellate, bleaching
C.
cyanobacteria, bleaching
D.
fungal, mass spawning
Question #27
Rocky shores are divided into three primary areas known upper, middle, and lower intertidal zones. Animals in the _____ zone experience the most extreme environmental stress and must be adapted to these conditions if they are to survive.
A.
Upper
B.
Middle
C.
Lower
Question #28
Burrowing organisms that live in within the sediment of sandy and silty benthos are extrastitial fauna.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #29
________ competition occurs between two or more different species for a limited resource, whereas ________ competition is the struggle that occurs between organisms of the same species when resources are scarce.
A.
interspecific, intraspecific
B.
intraspecific, interspecific
C.
agonistic, true
D.
facilitative, agonistic
Question #30
Hermatypic corals produce _____ skeletons, and are the primary _____ of reefs.
A.
calcium-proteinaceous, producers
B.
porous, inhabitants
C.
calcium carbonate, builders
D.
thin, builders
Question #31
The process of converting nitrogen gas into an organic form that animals can use is called nitrogen fixation.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #32
An estuary is a transition zone where waters from ________ meets and mix with ________.
A.
ocean, brackish water
B.
rivers, seawater
C.
creeks, inland waterways
D.
lakes, hyposaline pools
Question #33
Dietary _____ can reduce competition but it may leave species vulnerable when resources are scarce.
A.
specialization
B.
sharing
C.
partitioning
D.
generalization
Question #34
The geologic period that began 2 million years ago where sea levels rose-and-fell several times, affecting coral reefs and estuaries.
A.
Pliocene
B.
Paleocene
C.
Protocene
D.
Pleistocene
Question #35
In the rocky intertidal and coral reefs ecosystems ______ can be a limiting resource.
A.
space
B.
food
C.
sexual partners
D.
light
Question #36
_______ is when an organism's genes are unchanged and the change is not passed on to the offspring.
A.
physiological acclimatization
B.
physiological adaptation
C.
genetic adaptation
D.
genetic acclimatization
Question #37
The global distribution of coral reefs in the ocean is MOST limited by what? (pick two),,
A.
nutrients
B.
waves
C.
temperature
D.
predation
E.
light
F.
salinity
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Biol 15N Marine Biology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here