Biol 15N Marine Biology » Winter 2020 » Exam 1

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Question #1
Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy? 
A.   Amino Acids
B.   Lipids
C.   Nucleic Acids
D.   Proteins
Question #2
The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:
A.   Chlorine varies with location
B.   Sodium varies with depth
C.   Salinity varies with location
D.   Salinity varies with season
E.   Ion concentrations don't change
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT one of the world's major ocean basins:
A.   Arctic
B.   Pacific
C.   Indian
D.   Antarctic
Question #4
Phylogenetics is the study of _________.
A.   organisms' physiological ecology
B.   drivers of environmental change
C.   evolutionary time
D.   organisms' evolutionary history
Question #5
After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?
A.   Deep-water dredges
B.   Sonar
C.   Nets
D.   Research vessels
E.   Marine laboratories
Question #6
Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?
A.   Terrigenous
B.   Biogenous
C.   Hydrogenous
D.   Diogenous
E.   None of the above
Question #7
All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:
A.   Fragmentation
B.   Fission
C.   Fertilization
D.   Budding
E.   None of the above
Question #8
Gyres are:
A.   Found only in the Pacific Ocean
B.   Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere
C.   Large circular systems of surface currents
D.   The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons
E.   Limited to continental margins
Question #9
The modern scientific method is based on the work of:
A.   Neptune
B.   Herodotus
C.   Aristotle
D.   Plato
E.   Posidious
Question #10
A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.
A.   homeotherm, poikilotherm
B.   poikilotherm, homeotherm
C.   endotherm, ectotherm
D.   poikilotherm, osmoconformer
E.   osmoconformer, osmoregulator
Question #11
Glucose is an example of a:
A.   Starch
B.   Carbohydrate
C.   Hormone
D.   Lipid
E.   Protein
Question #12
The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.
A.   Northern, Northern
B.   Northern, Southern
C.   Southern, Northern
D.   Western, Eastern
E.   Southern, Southern
Question #13
An earthquake occurred off the island of Java.  Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft.  Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami.  Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.
A.   100, announced
B.   83, announced
C.   700, announced
D.   6, called off
E.   60, called off
Question #14
The world's largest and deepest ocean:
A.   Arctic Ocean
B.   Atlantic Ocean
C.   Indian Ocean
D.   Pacific Ocean
E.   Antarctic Ocean
Question #15
There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:
A.   1 billion years ago
B.   5 million years ago
C.   4.6 billion years ago
D.   10 million years ago
E.   10.5 billion years ago
Question #16
Trenches are formed where:
A.   A plate splits and opens up
B.   A plate sinks beneath another
C.   Sea floor spreading takes place
D.   A plate is lifted by another
E.   A plate moves above another
Question #17
The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:
A.   Mountains along the coast
B.   Steep and rocky shorelines
C.   Short continental shelf
D.   Offshore trench
E.   Gentle continental slope
Question #18
Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?
A.   Chemistry
B.   Anthropology
C.   All of these
D.   Physics
E.   Zoology
Question #19
Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?
A.   Vikings
B.   Captain Cook
C.   Pacific Islanders
D.   Ferdinand Magellan
Question #20
The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.
A.   lose, gain
B.   gain, concentrate
C.   gain, lose
D.   concentrate, gain
Question #21
Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.
A.   interglacial, Pleistocene
B.   glaciation, Miocene
C.   glaciation, Silurian
D.   interglacial, Holocene
E.   interglacial, Paleocene
Question #22
Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.
A.   seasonal thermocline
B.   wind-driven upwelling zone
C.   gyre
D.   regional nutrient enrichment
Question #23
Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).
A.   silicon
B.   magnesium
C.   iron
D.   sodium
E.   chloride
Question #24
In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.
A.   ionoconformer, ionoregulator
B.   homeotherms, ectotherms
C.   osmolytes, ectolytes
D.   ectotherms, homeotherms
E.   osmoconformer, osmoregulator
Question #25
The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #26
The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.
A.   Rocky Mountains
B.   Puerto Rico Trench
C.   Mid-Atlantic Ridge
D.   Mariana Trench
E.   Pacific Ocean
Question #27
When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?
A.   both
B.   it depends
C.   oceanic plate
D.   continental plate
Question #28
The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.
A.   dissolved organic carbon
B.   marine snow
C.   marine debris
D.   nitrogenous waste
Question #29
Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.
A.   red, green
B.   green, blue
C.   blue, blue
D.   blue, green
Question #30
The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.
A.   Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen
B.   Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron
C.   Iron, Zinc, Nitrate
D.   Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon
Question #31
The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth's surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.
A.   contiental rise
B.   geotaxis
C.   continental drift
D.   geoforming
E.   continental uplift
Question #32
A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.
A.   pokilotherm, homeotherm
B.   homeotherm, endotherm
C.   endotherm, pokilotherm
D.   endotherm, ectotherm
E.   ectotherm, endotherm

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