Biol 15N Marine Biology » Winter 2020 » Exam 1

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Question #1
Which of the following organic molecules store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, and assist in buoyancy? 
A.   Proteins
B.   Nucleic Acids
C.   Amino Acids
D.   Lipids
Question #2
The rule of constant proportions states that within the ocean:
A.   Sodium varies with depth
B.   Salinity varies with location
C.   Salinity varies with season
D.   Ion concentrations don't change
E.   Chlorine varies with location
Question #3
Which of the following is NOT one of the world's major ocean basins:
A.   Pacific
B.   Arctic
C.   Antarctic
D.   Indian
Question #4
Phylogenetics is the study of _________.
A.   drivers of environmental change
B.   organisms' evolutionary history
C.   evolutionary time
D.   organisms' physiological ecology
Question #5
After World War II, which of the following technological developments opened the doors to new reseach areas in marine science?
A.   Marine laboratories
B.   Sonar
C.   Nets
D.   Research vessels
E.   Deep-water dredges
Question #6
Which of the following ocean bottom-types is composed of a large number of shell pieces secreted by life forms?
A.   Terrigenous
B.   Diogenous
C.   Hydrogenous
D.   Biogenous
E.   None of the above
Question #7
All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:
A.   Fragmentation
B.   Fission
C.   Budding
D.   Fertilization
E.   None of the above
Question #8
Gyres are:
A.   Limited to continental margins
B.   The driving force behind hurricanes and typhoons
C.   Found only in the Pacific Ocean
D.   Large circular systems of surface currents
E.   Influenced by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere
Question #9
The modern scientific method is based on the work of:
A.   Plato
B.   Neptune
C.   Herodotus
D.   Aristotle
E.   Posidious
Question #10
A ______ maintains a constant body temperature. An organisms that lacks thermoregulation and has a variable body temperature is a _______.
A.   osmoconformer, osmoregulator
B.   endotherm, ectotherm
C.   homeotherm, poikilotherm
D.   poikilotherm, osmoconformer
E.   poikilotherm, homeotherm
Question #11
Glucose is an example of a:
A.   Hormone
B.   Lipid
C.   Starch
D.   Protein
E.   Carbohydrate
Question #12
The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the _____ hemisphere and clockwise in the ______ hemisphere.
A.   Northern, Northern
B.   Southern, Northern
C.   Northern, Southern
D.   Southern, Southern
E.   Western, Eastern
Question #13
An earthquake occurred off the island of Java.  Afterwards an ocean buoy detects a wavelength of 42 ft.  Scientists in Hawaii are determining whether this is a sign of an approaching tsunami.  Based on the relationship of wavelength to wave-height, the approaching wave is estimated to be _______ ft and an alarm is ______.
A.   700, announced
B.   100, announced
C.   6, called off
D.   83, announced
E.   60, called off
Question #14
The world's largest and deepest ocean:
A.   Arctic Ocean
B.   Indian Ocean
C.   Atlantic Ocean
D.   Antarctic Ocean
E.   Pacific Ocean
Question #15
There is scientific evidence that the earth and the rest of the solar system formed approximately:
A.   1 billion years ago
B.   10.5 billion years ago
C.   4.6 billion years ago
D.   5 million years ago
E.   10 million years ago
Question #16
Trenches are formed where:
A.   A plate splits and opens up
B.   A plate sinks beneath another
C.   A plate moves above another
D.   Sea floor spreading takes place
E.   A plate is lifted by another
Question #17
The east coast of the United States is a passive margin characterized by:
A.   Gentle continental slope
B.   Offshore trench
C.   Short continental shelf
D.   Steep and rocky shorelines
E.   Mountains along the coast
Question #18
Which of the following are considered to be branches of marine science?
A.   All of these
B.   Anthropology
C.   Physics
D.   Zoology
E.   Chemistry
Question #19
Who were the first marine scientists to travel around the Pacific Ocean using natural phenomena as their navigational tools?
A.   Vikings
B.   Ferdinand Magellan
C.   Captain Cook
D.   Pacific Islanders
Question #20
The blood of marine fish is less salty relative to seawater and they _____ salt along their gills; freshwater fish blood is more salty than freshwater and they ____ salt at the gills.
A.   concentrate, gain
B.   gain, lose
C.   lose, gain
D.   gain, concentrate
Question #21
Earth goes through periods of glaciation and alternating interglacial periods. Earth is currently in a _________ period, that began at the end of the __________ ~11,700 years ago.
A.   interglacial, Paleocene
B.   glaciation, Silurian
C.   interglacial, Holocene
D.   glaciation, Miocene
E.   interglacial, Pleistocene
Question #22
Seasonality in temperate and polar waters produces a shallow _______ in the surface layer, however, in the tropics this phenomena is absent.
A.   wind-driven upwelling zone
B.   regional nutrient enrichment
C.   gyre
D.   seasonal thermocline
Question #23
Two ions, ____________ and ____________, comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater. (Choose two).
A.   magnesium
B.   sodium
C.   silicon
D.   chloride
E.   iron
Question #24
In organisms known as ____________, the salt content of their cellular tissues is identical to that of the surrounding seawater; on the other hand, _________ are able to control the salt content of their internal body fluids.
A.   osmoconformer, osmoregulator
B.   osmolytes, ectolytes
C.   ectotherms, homeotherms
D.   ionoconformer, ionoregulator
E.   homeotherms, ectotherms
Question #25
The founder of modern oceanography and marine biology is often credited as British naturalist Charles Darwin.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #26
The largest continuous geological feature on earth is the _____.
A.   Pacific Ocean
B.   Mariana Trench
C.   Rocky Mountains
D.   Puerto Rico Trench
E.   Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Question #27
When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, which plate is subducted?
A.   it depends
B.   oceanic plate
C.   both
D.   continental plate
Question #28
The metabolic wastes excreted by herbivores, as well as other dissolved organic particles are known as _____________ and are an energy source for deep sea organisms.
A.   nitrogenous waste
B.   marine debris
C.   dissolved organic carbon
D.   marine snow
Question #29
Seawater turbidity and dissolved materials influence light penetration. In temperate waters, ___________ wavelengths (color) of light penetrate the furthest into seawater, whereas in tropical waters ___________ light travels the deepest.
A.   red, green
B.   green, blue
C.   blue, green
D.   blue, blue
Question #30
The nutrients __________, __________, and __________ are often scarce in the water column because they are used up quickly by autotrophs during photosynthesis.
A.   Phosphorous, Carbon, Oxygen
B.   Sulfur, Oxygen, Carbon
C.   Iron, Zinc, Nitrate
D.   Nitrate, Phosphorous, Iron
Question #31
The process in which the continental land masses have moved their positions on Earth's surface due to plate tectonics is known as __________.
A.   continental uplift
B.   contiental rise
C.   geotaxis
D.   continental drift
E.   geoforming
Question #32
A _____ uses metabolic energy to heat its body. A _____ loses metabolic heat and must maintain body temperatures using alternative means.
A.   homeotherm, endotherm
B.   pokilotherm, homeotherm
C.   ectotherm, endotherm
D.   endotherm, ectotherm
E.   endotherm, pokilotherm

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