EOH 353 - Global Perspective of Environmental Health » Spring 2020 » Chapter 3 Quiz

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Question #1
The existence of a dose-response relationship may be used to establish which of the following kinds of information?
A.   Causal association between a toxin and biological effects
B.   Minimum dosages needed to produce a biological effect
C.   All of these are correct.
D.   Both causal association between a toxin and biological effects and minimum dosages needed to produce a biological effect
E.   Rate of accumulation of harmful effects
Question #2
Of the following routes of exposure, which one has the most rapid effect?
A.   Intravenous
B.   Intramuscular
C.   Dermal
D.   Inhalation
E.   Ingestion
Question #3
The poisonous substance in Amanita phalloides (“death cap” mushroom) is an example of a(n):
A.   None of these is correct.
B.   toxicant.
C.   toxin.
D.   poison caused by bacterial activity.
E.   anthropogenic form of poison
Question #4
Subacute exposures are those that last for:
A.   1 month or less.
B.   1 to 3 months.
C.   less than 24 hours and occur once.
D.   less than 24 hours and occur more than once.
E.   more than 3 months.
Question #5
One of the founders of toxicology was:
A.   Paracelsus.
B.   Da Vinci.
C.   Theophrastus.
D.   Claudius.
E.   Socrates.
Question #6
The concentration and toxicity of a chemical in the body are affected by:
A.   All of these are correct.
B.   route of entry into the body.
C.   individual sensitivity.
D.   received dose of the chemical.
E.   duration of exposure.
Question #7
An internal dose refers to the:
A.   quantity of a substance that is administered
B.   dose acquired by contact with contaminated environmental sources.
C.   portion of a substance that becomes internalized in the body.
D.   None of these is correct.
E.   amount of a substance that is available to the internal organs of the body.
Question #8
Which of the following is an example of in vitro testing for toxicology?
A.   Experiments with volunteers who have had unintentional exposures
B.   Studies of animals exposed to toxins
C.   Dose-response assessments in human populations
D.   Experiments with cells derived from human sources
E.   Experiments with normal volunteers
Question #9
When highly controlled and standardized conditions are desired, human subjects are used in toxicologic testing.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #10
Which term indicates that the combined effect of exposures to two or more chemicals that is greater than the sum of their individual effects?
A.   Additive
B.   Coalitive
C.   Antagonistic
D.   Synergistic
Question #11
All of the following statements about thalidomide are true, except:
A.   it was associated with heart problems among adults.
B.   it was used to treat morning sickness during pregnancy.
C.   it was a potent teratogen.
D.   it was developed before the advent of rigorous clinical trials.

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