EOH 353 - Global Perspective of Environmental Health » Spring 2020 » Chapter 3 Quiz

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Question #1
The existence of a dose-response relationship may be used to establish which of the following kinds of information?
A.   Causal association between a toxin and biological effects
B.   Rate of accumulation of harmful effects
C.   All of these are correct.
D.   Both causal association between a toxin and biological effects and minimum dosages needed to produce a biological effect
E.   Minimum dosages needed to produce a biological effect
Question #2
Of the following routes of exposure, which one has the most rapid effect?
A.   Intramuscular
B.   Inhalation
C.   Ingestion
D.   Intravenous
E.   Dermal
Question #3
The poisonous substance in Amanita phalloides (“death cap” mushroom) is an example of a(n):
A.   toxin.
B.   anthropogenic form of poison
C.   toxicant.
D.   None of these is correct.
E.   poison caused by bacterial activity.
Question #4
Subacute exposures are those that last for:
A.   more than 3 months.
B.   less than 24 hours and occur more than once.
C.   1 month or less.
D.   less than 24 hours and occur once.
E.   1 to 3 months.
Question #5
One of the founders of toxicology was:
A.   Claudius.
B.   Da Vinci.
C.   Paracelsus.
D.   Socrates.
E.   Theophrastus.
Question #6
The concentration and toxicity of a chemical in the body are affected by:
A.   received dose of the chemical.
B.   individual sensitivity.
C.   All of these are correct.
D.   route of entry into the body.
E.   duration of exposure.
Question #7
An internal dose refers to the:
A.   quantity of a substance that is administered
B.   dose acquired by contact with contaminated environmental sources.
C.   None of these is correct.
D.   amount of a substance that is available to the internal organs of the body.
E.   portion of a substance that becomes internalized in the body.
Question #8
Which of the following is an example of in vitro testing for toxicology?
A.   Dose-response assessments in human populations
B.   Experiments with cells derived from human sources
C.   Experiments with normal volunteers
D.   Experiments with volunteers who have had unintentional exposures
E.   Studies of animals exposed to toxins
Question #9
When highly controlled and standardized conditions are desired, human subjects are used in toxicologic testing.
A.   FALSE
B.   TRUE
Question #10
Which term indicates that the combined effect of exposures to two or more chemicals that is greater than the sum of their individual effects?
A.   Antagonistic
B.   Synergistic
C.   Additive
D.   Coalitive
Question #11
All of the following statements about thalidomide are true, except:
A.   it was developed before the advent of rigorous clinical trials.
B.   it was a potent teratogen.
C.   it was associated with heart problems among adults.
D.   it was used to treat morning sickness during pregnancy.

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