EOH 353 - Global Perspective of Environmental Health » Spring 2020 » Chapter 3 Quiz

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Question #1
The existence of a dose-response relationship may be used to establish which of the following kinds of information?
A.   All of these are correct.
B.   Minimum dosages needed to produce a biological effect
C.   Rate of accumulation of harmful effects
D.   Causal association between a toxin and biological effects
E.   Both causal association between a toxin and biological effects and minimum dosages needed to produce a biological effect
Question #2
Of the following routes of exposure, which one has the most rapid effect?
A.   Intramuscular
B.   Ingestion
C.   Intravenous
D.   Inhalation
E.   Dermal
Question #3
The poisonous substance in Amanita phalloides (“death cap” mushroom) is an example of a(n):
A.   toxicant.
B.   anthropogenic form of poison
C.   None of these is correct.
D.   poison caused by bacterial activity.
E.   toxin.
Question #4
Subacute exposures are those that last for:
A.   less than 24 hours and occur more than once.
B.   more than 3 months.
C.   less than 24 hours and occur once.
D.   1 month or less.
E.   1 to 3 months.
Question #5
One of the founders of toxicology was:
A.   Claudius.
B.   Paracelsus.
C.   Da Vinci.
D.   Theophrastus.
E.   Socrates.
Question #6
The concentration and toxicity of a chemical in the body are affected by:
A.   duration of exposure.
B.   All of these are correct.
C.   received dose of the chemical.
D.   route of entry into the body.
E.   individual sensitivity.
Question #7
An internal dose refers to the:
A.   amount of a substance that is available to the internal organs of the body.
B.   quantity of a substance that is administered
C.   portion of a substance that becomes internalized in the body.
D.   dose acquired by contact with contaminated environmental sources.
E.   None of these is correct.
Question #8
Which of the following is an example of in vitro testing for toxicology?
A.   Experiments with normal volunteers
B.   Experiments with volunteers who have had unintentional exposures
C.   Dose-response assessments in human populations
D.   Studies of animals exposed to toxins
E.   Experiments with cells derived from human sources
Question #9
When highly controlled and standardized conditions are desired, human subjects are used in toxicologic testing.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #10
Which term indicates that the combined effect of exposures to two or more chemicals that is greater than the sum of their individual effects?
A.   Additive
B.   Antagonistic
C.   Synergistic
D.   Coalitive
Question #11
All of the following statements about thalidomide are true, except:
A.   it was used to treat morning sickness during pregnancy.
B.   it was a potent teratogen.
C.   it was developed before the advent of rigorous clinical trials.
D.   it was associated with heart problems among adults.

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