A.   Mendelian inheritance

B.   polygenic inheritance

C.   codominance

D.   recessive traits

A.   mitochondria

B.   sodium

C.   DNA

D.   tRNA

A.   the entirety of an individual organism's genome

B.   the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

C.   the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

D.   pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

A.   sperm are more powerful than eggs.

B.   the X chromosome originates only from females.

C.   the X chromosome determines sex.

D.   the Y chromosome is present in males only.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   100,000 genes

B.   3 billion genes

C.   21,000 genes

D.   30,000 genes

A.   heterozygous genes

B.   locus

C.   gene variants

D.   homozygous genes

A.   chains of amino acids.

B.   genes.

C.   your mind

D.   ribosomes

A.   natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

B.   mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

C.   gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

D.   natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

A.   A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

B.   Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

C.   Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

D.   Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

A.   traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

B.   DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

C.   peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

D.   traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

A.   can never be expressed in the phenotype.

B.   is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

C.   can always be determined from the phenotype.

D.   can be masked in the phenotype.

A.   resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

B.   merely increased variation within populations.

C.   were rare and unlikely to occur.

D.   created new species.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

B.   are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

C.   have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

D.   may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

A.   A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

B.   A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

C.   A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

D.   A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

A.   controlled by a single gene

B.   controlled by multiple genes

C.   greatly manipulated by social factors

D.   mentally manipulated

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   control the development of language in humans.

B.   control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

C.   appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

D.   function only in fruit flies.

A.   recessive

B.   structural

C.   phenotypic

D.   dominant

A.   nucleotide sequences

B.   chromosome number

C.   epigenes

D.   diploid and haploid numbers

A.   would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

B.   changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

C.   would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

D.   did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

A.   determined by one gene with multiple alleles

B.   determined by one gene

C.   determined by more than one gene

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   none of the answers are satisfactory

B.   all species are fixed

C.   within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

D.   organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

A.   Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

B.   No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

C.   No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

D.   None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

A.   The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

B.   When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

C.   The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

D.   Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Replication and protein synthesis

B.   Replication and polymerase immersion

C.   Translation and transcription

D.   Replication and DNA construction

A.   gene migration.

B.   gene flow.

C.   admixture.

D.   genetic drift.

A.   humans from a cultural perspective only.

B.   dinosaurs

C.   pyrimids

D.   humans from a biological perspective

A.   Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

B.   Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

C.   Chromosome s and nuclein

A.   a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

B.   the appearance of a new species.

C.   changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

D.   a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

A.   they increase variation

B.   they decrease variation

C.   They both increases and decreases variation

D.   They Don’t effect variation

A.   extra chromosomes

B.   a full complement of chromosomes

A.   species

B.   mutants

C.   adapted organisms

D.   evolved organisms

A.   extinction

B.   a spontaneous population shift

C.   natural selection

D.   a population bottleneck

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   microevolution

B.   species split

C.   macroevolution

D.   speciation

A.   cell replication

B.   cytoplasmic

C.   energy production

D.   protein synthesis

A.   Natural selection

B.   Genetic drift

C.   Sexual selection

D.   Gene flow

A.   founder effect.

B.   gene flow.

C.   genetic drift.

D.   a population bottleneck.

A.   gene flow

B.   genetic drift

C.   natrual selection

D.   recombination

A.   genotype

B.   recessive allele

C.   allele frequency

D.   phenotype

A.   gene flow.

B.   the founder effect.

C.   mutation.

D.   stabilizing selection.

A.   cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

B.   biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

C.   physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

D.   archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

A.   heritable chart

B.   pedigree chart

C.   punnett square

D.   none of the above

A.   only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

B.   each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

C.   they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

A.   hardy effect

B.   genetic bottleneck

C.   sexual selection

D.   reproductive variance