A.   Mendelian inheritance

B.   recessive traits

C.   codominance

D.   polygenic inheritance

A.   DNA

B.   mitochondria

C.   tRNA

D.   sodium

A.   the entirety of an individual organism's genome

B.   pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

C.   the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

D.   the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

A.   the Y chromosome is present in males only.

B.   sperm are more powerful than eggs.

C.   the X chromosome originates only from females.

D.   the X chromosome determines sex.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   30,000 genes

B.   3 billion genes

C.   100,000 genes

D.   21,000 genes

A.   heterozygous genes

B.   homozygous genes

C.   locus

D.   gene variants

A.   chains of amino acids.

B.   genes.

C.   ribosomes

D.   your mind

A.   natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

B.   gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

C.   natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

D.   mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

A.   Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

B.   A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

C.   Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

D.   Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

A.   traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

B.   traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

C.   DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

D.   peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

A.   can always be determined from the phenotype.

B.   can never be expressed in the phenotype.

C.   is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

D.   can be masked in the phenotype.

A.   resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

B.   merely increased variation within populations.

C.   were rare and unlikely to occur.

D.   created new species.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

B.   have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

C.   are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

D.   have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

A.   A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

B.   A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

C.   A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

D.   A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

A.   controlled by multiple genes

B.   greatly manipulated by social factors

C.   controlled by a single gene

D.   mentally manipulated

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   control the development of language in humans.

B.   control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

C.   function only in fruit flies.

D.   appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

A.   dominant

B.   recessive

C.   structural

D.   phenotypic

A.   chromosome number

B.   diploid and haploid numbers

C.   nucleotide sequences

D.   epigenes

A.   would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

B.   changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

C.   did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

D.   would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

A.   determined by one gene

B.   determined by more than one gene

C.   determined by one gene with multiple alleles

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   all species are fixed

B.   none of the answers are satisfactory

C.   within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

D.   organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

A.   No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

B.   None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

C.   No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

D.   Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

A.   Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

B.   When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

C.   The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

D.   The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Replication and DNA construction

B.   Replication and polymerase immersion

C.   Translation and transcription

D.   Replication and protein synthesis

A.   genetic drift.

B.   gene flow.

C.   admixture.

D.   gene migration.

A.   pyrimids

B.   dinosaurs

C.   humans from a cultural perspective only.

D.   humans from a biological perspective

A.   Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

B.   Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

C.   Chromosome s and nuclein

A.   changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

B.   a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

C.   a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

D.   the appearance of a new species.

A.   They both increases and decreases variation

B.   They Don’t effect variation

C.   they decrease variation

D.   they increase variation

A.   a full complement of chromosomes

B.   extra chromosomes

A.   evolved organisms

B.   adapted organisms

C.   species

D.   mutants

A.   extinction

B.   natural selection

C.   a spontaneous population shift

D.   a population bottleneck

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   macroevolution

B.   speciation

C.   species split

D.   microevolution

A.   cell replication

B.   energy production

C.   cytoplasmic

D.   protein synthesis

A.   Genetic drift

B.   Sexual selection

C.   Natural selection

D.   Gene flow

A.   gene flow.

B.   a population bottleneck.

C.   founder effect.

D.   genetic drift.

A.   recombination

B.   natrual selection

C.   genetic drift

D.   gene flow

A.   allele frequency

B.   recessive allele

C.   phenotype

D.   genotype

A.   mutation.

B.   stabilizing selection.

C.   gene flow.

D.   the founder effect.

A.   archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

B.   biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

C.   physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

D.   cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

A.   pedigree chart

B.   punnett square

C.   heritable chart

D.   none of the above

A.   each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

B.   they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

C.   only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

A.   hardy effect

B.   reproductive variance

C.   sexual selection

D.   genetic bottleneck