A.   Mendelian inheritance

B.   recessive traits

C.   polygenic inheritance

D.   codominance

A.   mitochondria

B.   sodium

C.   DNA

D.   tRNA

A.   the observable traits that are produced by a genotype

B.   pools of water that attract organisms and encourage mating

C.   the entire collection of genetic material in a breeding community that can be passed on from one generation to the next

D.   the entirety of an individual organism's genome

A.   the X chromosome determines sex.

B.   the X chromosome originates only from females.

C.   sperm are more powerful than eggs.

D.   the Y chromosome is present in males only.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   100,000 genes

B.   3 billion genes

C.   21,000 genes

D.   30,000 genes

A.   gene variants

B.   homozygous genes

C.   heterozygous genes

D.   locus

A.   genes.

B.   ribosomes

C.   your mind

D.   chains of amino acids.

A.   natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations.

B.   gene flow, mutations, chromosomes, and genes.

C.   natural selection, genes, alleles, and chromosomes.

D.   mutations, genes, and genetic drift.

A.   Natural selection does not deal with diseases and as a result this scenario is not possible.

B.   Diseases typically attack individuals and not populations.

C.   A disease that kills one individual is likely to kill everybody else.

D.   Being the same makes everybody stronger since they are pure blooded and as a result are more likely to survive.

A.   traits are passed on from parent to offspring as discrete units.

B.   DNA was the molecule carrying the genetic code.

C.   traits inherited from each parent blended together in the offspring.

D.   peas were a poor choice for understanding basic hereditary principles.

A.   is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.

B.   can never be expressed in the phenotype.

C.   can always be determined from the phenotype.

D.   can be masked in the phenotype.

A.   created new species.

B.   merely increased variation within populations.

C.   resulted in new phenotype characteristics.

D.   were rare and unlikely to occur.

A.   TRUE

B.   FALSE

A.   may share the same geographic area but are so phenotypically different that they never attempt to reproduce.

B.   are geographically isolated from one another, look alike, but are not capable of successful interbreeding.

C.   have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but if they do happen to encounter one another, they are still capable of interbreeding although their offspring are infertile.

D.   have their own unique phenotypes and are geographically isolated from one another, but are capable of successful interbreeding.

A.   A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.

B.   A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.

C.   A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

D.   A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.

A.   mentally manipulated

B.   greatly manipulated by social factors

C.   controlled by multiple genes

D.   controlled by a single gene

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms.

B.   function only in fruit flies.

C.   control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains.

D.   control the development of language in humans.

A.   dominant

B.   phenotypic

C.   recessive

D.   structural

A.   diploid and haploid numbers

B.   epigenes

C.   nucleotide sequences

D.   chromosome number

A.   did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment.

B.   would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes.

C.   changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations.

D.   would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics.

A.   determined by more than one gene

B.   determined by one gene

C.   determined by one gene with multiple alleles

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   none of the answers are satisfactory

B.   all species are fixed

C.   within a population, some variations are favored by environmental conditions and others are not

D.   organisms transform and pass these transformations on to their offspring

A.   None of the other responses are satisfactory answers.

B.   No since all traits are only controlled by one gene with two alleles.

C.   No since different genes will exert varying degrees of influence on the trait

D.   Yes since all genes having to do with a trait always have the exact same influence on a trait.

A.   The dominant allele is more likely to be passed down.

B.   Both alleles have an equal probability of being passed down to the offspring.

C.   The recessive allele is more likely to be passed down.

D.   When both alleles are present none of them will be passed down to the next generation

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   Replication and DNA construction

B.   Translation and transcription

C.   Replication and protein synthesis

D.   Replication and polymerase immersion

A.   gene flow.

B.   gene migration.

C.   genetic drift.

D.   admixture.

A.   humans from a biological perspective

B.   humans from a cultural perspective only.

C.   dinosaurs

D.   pyrimids

A.   Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogenous bases

B.   Chromosome s and nuclein

C.   Amino acids, and hydrogen bonds

A.   changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.

B.   a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.

C.   a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.

D.   the appearance of a new species.

A.   they decrease variation

B.   They both increases and decreases variation

C.   They Don’t effect variation

D.   they increase variation

A.   extra chromosomes

B.   a full complement of chromosomes

A.   species

B.   evolved organisms

C.   mutants

D.   adapted organisms

A.   extinction

B.   natural selection

C.   a spontaneous population shift

D.   a population bottleneck

A.   FALSE

B.   TRUE

A.   microevolution

B.   species split

C.   speciation

D.   macroevolution

A.   protein synthesis

B.   cytoplasmic

C.   energy production

D.   cell replication

A.   Genetic drift

B.   Natural selection

C.   Gene flow

D.   Sexual selection

A.   a population bottleneck.

B.   founder effect.

C.   genetic drift.

D.   gene flow.

A.   gene flow

B.   genetic drift

C.   natrual selection

D.   recombination

A.   genotype

B.   allele frequency

C.   recessive allele

D.   phenotype

A.   stabilizing selection.

B.   mutation.

C.   gene flow.

D.   the founder effect.

A.   archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.

B.   cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.

C.   biological, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

D.   physics, biological, cultural, and linguistic.

A.   pedigree chart

B.   punnett square

C.   heritable chart

D.   none of the above

A.   they are mentally manipulated by an organism to achieve specific characteristics.

B.   each cell type has its own unique DNA that is different from all other cells.

C.   only specific genes for specific proteins are activated in specific cell types.

A.   sexual selection

B.   reproductive variance

C.   hardy effect

D.   genetic bottleneck