Psychology 041 Lifespan Psychology » Spring 2019 » Chapter 2 Quiz
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Question #1
Drives and urges are relatively quiet during this stage, according to Freud.
A.
the latent stage
B.
the anal stage
C.
the oral stage
D.
the genital stage
Question #2
According to Freud, this part of our self is reasonable and practical:
A.
Superego
B.
Consciousness
C.
Id
D.
Ego
Question #3
This theorist emphasized the potential a child has to learn if given guidance.
A.
Vygotsky
B.
Pavlov
C.
Freud
D.
Piaget
Question #4
The ecological-systems perspective of human develop emphasizes
A.
the extent to which a person acts according to the “pleasure principle” or the “reality principle.”
B.
the importance of the physical environment, including pollutants, in affecting development.
C.
the comparison of social systems in cultures with various types of subsistence patterns with and emphasis on hunter-gatherers and herding societies.
D.
the relationship between the individual and the environment including social systems such as family, community and school.
Question #5
This stage is experienced in early adulthood, according to Erikson.
A.
identity vs. role confusion
B.
trust vs. mistrust
C.
intimacy vs. isolation
D.
industry vs. inferiority
Question #6
According to Erikson, a three month old is in which psychosocial stage?
A.
trust vs. mistrust
B.
caring vs. doing
C.
integrity vs. despair
D.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Question #7
A dog learns to sit in order to get a treat. This best illustrates:
A.
classical conditioning
B.
social learning theory
C.
operant conditioning
D.
trial and error learning
Question #8
When a child learns a behavior from watching a model do the same behavior, it is called:
A.
Social learning
B.
Influence
C.
Reinforcement
D.
Classical conditioning
Question #9
A dog is shocked at the time a bell rings. Eventually, the dog begins to jump in fear at the sound of a bell. What is the unconditioned response? (Hint: the unconditioned response is a response to a stimulus that unlearned and instinctual)
A.
The sound of the bell
B.
The administration of the shock
C.
The jumping when a bell is sounded
D.
Jumping to the shock
Question #10
_____________ was one of the first theorists to recognize that children think differently than adults.
A.
Vgotsky
B.
Piaget
C.
Bandura
D.
Freud
Question #11
According to Piaget, pre-school age children learn to understand the world through _______________.
A.
neuronal growth
B.
symbols
C.
adults
D.
sensorimotor exploration
Question #12
Cognitive theories aim to help us understand _____________ in lifespan development.
A.
Behaviors
B.
Genetics
C.
Mental processes
D.
Social learning
Question #13
According to Piaget, children create mental frameworks called ________ to understand the world.
A.
models
B.
scaffolding
C.
schema
D.
experiences
Question #14
Which of the following is not a defense mechanism?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Repression
C.
Assimilation
D.
Denial
Question #15
The following is an example of negative reinforcement:
A.
taking away one's license for speeding
B.
instituting a curfew for being late
C.
taking pain medication for a headache
D.
giving a child a gold star for good behavior
Question #16
_________________ occurs when a child learn something new about the world and makes space for this new schema in their mind.
A.
Sublimation
B.
Accommodation
C.
Reinforcement
D.
Assimilation
Question #17
One of the major criticisms of Piaget's theory of cognitive development is about the lack of emphasis the role of ___________ has in this process.
A.
Gender
B.
Conditioning
C.
Biology
D.
Culture
Question #18
An example of a macrosystem, according to Bronfenbrenner, is:
A.
School
B.
A child's daily routine
C.
Religious Teachings
D.
War
Question #19
Who is one of the most controversial theorists in lifespan psychology, according to the text?
A.
Piaget
B.
Freud
C.
Erikson
D.
Bronfenbrenner
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