Psychology 041 Lifespan Psychology » Spring 2019 » Chapter 2 Quiz
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Question #1
Drives and urges are relatively quiet during this stage, according to Freud.
A.
the oral stage
B.
the genital stage
C.
the latent stage
D.
the anal stage
Question #2
According to Freud, this part of our self is reasonable and practical:
A.
Ego
B.
Id
C.
Superego
D.
Consciousness
Question #3
This theorist emphasized the potential a child has to learn if given guidance.
A.
Piaget
B.
Pavlov
C.
Freud
D.
Vygotsky
Question #4
The ecological-systems perspective of human develop emphasizes
A.
the extent to which a person acts according to the “pleasure principle” or the “reality principle.”
B.
the relationship between the individual and the environment including social systems such as family, community and school.
C.
the comparison of social systems in cultures with various types of subsistence patterns with and emphasis on hunter-gatherers and herding societies.
D.
the importance of the physical environment, including pollutants, in affecting development.
Question #5
This stage is experienced in early adulthood, according to Erikson.
A.
identity vs. role confusion
B.
trust vs. mistrust
C.
industry vs. inferiority
D.
intimacy vs. isolation
Question #6
According to Erikson, a three month old is in which psychosocial stage?
A.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
B.
trust vs. mistrust
C.
integrity vs. despair
D.
caring vs. doing
Question #7
A dog learns to sit in order to get a treat. This best illustrates:
A.
classical conditioning
B.
trial and error learning
C.
social learning theory
D.
operant conditioning
Question #8
When a child learns a behavior from watching a model do the same behavior, it is called:
A.
Influence
B.
Classical conditioning
C.
Reinforcement
D.
Social learning
Question #9
A dog is shocked at the time a bell rings. Eventually, the dog begins to jump in fear at the sound of a bell. What is the unconditioned response? (Hint: the unconditioned response is a response to a stimulus that unlearned and instinctual)
A.
The administration of the shock
B.
Jumping to the shock
C.
The sound of the bell
D.
The jumping when a bell is sounded
Question #10
_____________ was one of the first theorists to recognize that children think differently than adults.
A.
Freud
B.
Bandura
C.
Vgotsky
D.
Piaget
Question #11
According to Piaget, pre-school age children learn to understand the world through _______________.
A.
symbols
B.
neuronal growth
C.
sensorimotor exploration
D.
adults
Question #12
Cognitive theories aim to help us understand _____________ in lifespan development.
A.
Behaviors
B.
Social learning
C.
Genetics
D.
Mental processes
Question #13
According to Piaget, children create mental frameworks called ________ to understand the world.
A.
experiences
B.
scaffolding
C.
schema
D.
models
Question #14
Which of the following is not a defense mechanism?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Repression
C.
Assimilation
D.
Denial
Question #15
The following is an example of negative reinforcement:
A.
taking pain medication for a headache
B.
taking away one's license for speeding
C.
instituting a curfew for being late
D.
giving a child a gold star for good behavior
Question #16
_________________ occurs when a child learn something new about the world and makes space for this new schema in their mind.
A.
Assimilation
B.
Accommodation
C.
Sublimation
D.
Reinforcement
Question #17
One of the major criticisms of Piaget's theory of cognitive development is about the lack of emphasis the role of ___________ has in this process.
A.
Culture
B.
Biology
C.
Gender
D.
Conditioning
Question #18
An example of a macrosystem, according to Bronfenbrenner, is:
A.
A child's daily routine
B.
War
C.
Religious Teachings
D.
School
Question #19
Who is one of the most controversial theorists in lifespan psychology, according to the text?
A.
Erikson
B.
Freud
C.
Piaget
D.
Bronfenbrenner
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