Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
birds.
B.
reptiles.
C.
mice.
D.
insects.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
obtaining food.
B.
niche competition.
C.
accessing receptive males.
D.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-20
B.
21-24
C.
28-30
D.
16-19
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
trichromatic
B.
non-chromatic
C.
dichromatic
D.
monochromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
leaping
B.
brachiation
C.
bipedalism
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
grasping hands and feet.
B.
acute sense of smell.
C.
fruit-eating tendency.
D.
long legs compared to arms.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
B.
close together and face downward.
C.
far apart and face sideways.
D.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
presence of a wet nose
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
physical appearance
D.
genetic similarities
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
pseudo-
B.
proto-
C.
early
D.
late
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
B.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
C.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
D.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Madagascar.
B.
the New World.
C.
Africa.
D.
India.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
made strictly of muscle.
B.
present in catarrhine primates.
C.
present only in some platyrrhines.
D.
present in most primates.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
bilophodont molars.
C.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
D.
a long canine tooth in males.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-2-3.
B.
2-2-3-3.
C.
2-1-2-3.
D.
2-1-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
meat.
B.
tubers.
C.
fruit.
D.
insects.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
large brains
B.
nail
C.
septum
D.
postorbital bar
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
B.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
C.
Primates have long life spans.
D.
Primates have large bodies.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
diastema.
B.
tooth comb.
C.
two-ridge tooth.
D.
bilophodont.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
smiling.
B.
spur marking.
C.
lip flipping.
D.
grooming.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
B.
primates could see predators in advance.
C.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
D.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Asia.
B.
South America.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
Africa.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
B.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
C.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
D.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
snouts.
B.
large canines.
C.
tails.
D.
nails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
only nails
B.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
C.
are less dimorphic sexually.
D.
have more teeth.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
more than one genus.
B.
a different species.
C.
the same species.
D.
one’s family.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
apes.
B.
mammals.
C.
monkeys.
D.
lemurs
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
a precision grip.
B.
short digits.
C.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
D.
opposable thumbs.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
D.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Mesozoic
B.
Cenozoic
C.
Jurassic
D.
Paleozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and Asia.
B.
Asia and South America.
C.
Europe and South America.
D.
Greece and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
70-80 million years ago
B.
30-40 million years ago
C.
5-10 million years ago
D.
100-110 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
proconsulids.
B.
adapids.
C.
dryopithecids.
D.
protoprimates.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
C.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
D.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
rarely practiced.
B.
instinctual.
C.
innate.
D.
socially learned.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of forests
B.
expansion of oceans
C.
retreat of grasslands
D.
retreat of tropical forests
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
Y-5 molars.
B.
one-inch molars.
C.
two sets of molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
first evolved.
B.
searches for food.
C.
finds mates.
D.
encounters neighboring groups.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
B.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
C.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
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