Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
insects.
B.
birds.
C.
reptiles.
D.
mice.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
B.
niche competition.
C.
accessing receptive males.
D.
obtaining food.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-19
B.
16-20
C.
21-24
D.
28-30
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
trichromatic
B.
non-chromatic
C.
dichromatic
D.
monochromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
bipedalism
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
leaping
D.
brachiation
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
acute sense of smell.
B.
fruit-eating tendency.
C.
grasping hands and feet.
D.
long legs compared to arms.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
far apart and face sideways.
B.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
C.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
D.
close together and face downward.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
presence of a wet nose
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
physical appearance
D.
genetic similarities
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
early
B.
pseudo-
C.
late
D.
proto-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
B.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
C.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
D.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
the New World.
B.
India.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
Africa.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present in catarrhine primates.
B.
present in most primates.
C.
present only in some platyrrhines.
D.
made strictly of muscle.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
B.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a long canine tooth in males.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-2-3.
B.
2-1-2-3.
C.
2-1-3-3.
D.
2-2-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
fruit.
B.
meat.
C.
insects.
D.
tubers.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
postorbital bar
B.
nail
C.
septum
D.
large brains
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
B.
Primates have large bodies.
C.
Primates have long life spans.
D.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
two-ridge tooth.
B.
bilophodont.
C.
diastema.
D.
tooth comb.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
grooming.
B.
spur marking.
C.
lip flipping.
D.
smiling.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
B.
primates could see predators in advance.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
South America.
B.
Madagascar.
C.
Africa.
D.
Asia.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
C.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
D.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
large canines.
B.
tails.
C.
nails.
D.
snouts.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
are less dimorphic sexually.
B.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
C.
have more teeth.
D.
only nails
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
a different species.
B.
the same species.
C.
one’s family.
D.
more than one genus.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
apes.
B.
mammals.
C.
monkeys.
D.
lemurs
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
opposable thumbs.
B.
short digits.
C.
a precision grip.
D.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
D.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Mesozoic
B.
Cenozoic
C.
Jurassic
D.
Paleozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Greece and South America.
B.
Asia and South America.
C.
Europe and Asia.
D.
Europe and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
30-40 million years ago
B.
5-10 million years ago
C.
100-110 million years ago
D.
70-80 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
adapids.
B.
proconsulids.
C.
dryopithecids.
D.
protoprimates.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
B.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
C.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
instinctual.
B.
innate.
C.
socially learned.
D.
rarely practiced.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of oceans
B.
expansion of forests
C.
retreat of grasslands
D.
retreat of tropical forests
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
one-inch molars.
B.
bilophodont molars.
C.
Y-5 molars.
D.
two sets of molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
first evolved.
B.
encounters neighboring groups.
C.
searches for food.
D.
finds mates.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
B.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
C.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
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