Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
reptiles.
B.
insects.
C.
mice.
D.
birds.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
accessing receptive males.
B.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
C.
obtaining food.
D.
niche competition.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-19
B.
21-24
C.
16-20
D.
28-30
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
non-chromatic
B.
dichromatic
C.
trichromatic
D.
monochromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
bipedalism
C.
brachiation
D.
leaping
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
long legs compared to arms.
B.
acute sense of smell.
C.
grasping hands and feet.
D.
fruit-eating tendency.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
B.
close together and face downward.
C.
far apart and face sideways.
D.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
presence of a wet nose
C.
genetic similarities
D.
physical appearance
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
late
B.
pseudo-
C.
early
D.
proto-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
B.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
C.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
D.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
India.
B.
the New World.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
Africa.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present only in some platyrrhines.
B.
made strictly of muscle.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
present in catarrhine primates.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
B.
a long canine tooth in males.
C.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-1-2-3.
B.
2-1-3-3.
C.
2-2-3-3.
D.
2-2-2-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
fruit.
B.
insects.
C.
tubers.
D.
meat.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
postorbital bar
B.
nail
C.
large brains
D.
septum
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates have long life spans.
B.
Primates have large bodies.
C.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
D.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
tooth comb.
B.
diastema.
C.
bilophodont.
D.
two-ridge tooth.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
lip flipping.
B.
spur marking.
C.
smiling.
D.
grooming.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primates could see predators in advance.
B.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Asia.
B.
Madagascar.
C.
South America.
D.
Africa.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
C.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
D.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
snouts.
B.
nails.
C.
tails.
D.
large canines.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
have more teeth.
B.
are less dimorphic sexually.
C.
only nails
D.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
more than one genus.
B.
one’s family.
C.
a different species.
D.
the same species.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
apes.
B.
monkeys.
C.
lemurs
D.
mammals.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
a precision grip.
B.
opposable thumbs.
C.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
D.
short digits.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Mesozoic
B.
Paleozoic
C.
Cenozoic
D.
Jurassic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Greece and South America.
B.
Asia and South America.
C.
Europe and Asia.
D.
Europe and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
70-80 million years ago
B.
5-10 million years ago
C.
100-110 million years ago
D.
30-40 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
adapids.
B.
protoprimates.
C.
proconsulids.
D.
dryopithecids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
B.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
C.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
D.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
socially learned.
B.
rarely practiced.
C.
innate.
D.
instinctual.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of oceans
B.
expansion of forests
C.
retreat of tropical forests
D.
retreat of grasslands
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
Y-5 molars.
B.
two sets of molars.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
one-inch molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
first evolved.
B.
searches for food.
C.
finds mates.
D.
encounters neighboring groups.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
B.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
C.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
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