Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
mice.
B.
reptiles.
C.
birds.
D.
insects.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
niche competition.
B.
obtaining food.
C.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
D.
accessing receptive males.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
28-30
B.
16-20
C.
21-24
D.
16-19
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
monochromatic
B.
dichromatic
C.
non-chromatic
D.
trichromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
bipedalism
B.
brachiation
C.
leaping
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
acute sense of smell.
B.
fruit-eating tendency.
C.
grasping hands and feet.
D.
long legs compared to arms.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
B.
close together and face downward.
C.
far apart and face sideways.
D.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
presence of a wet nose
C.
physical appearance
D.
genetic similarities
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
proto-
B.
pseudo-
C.
late
D.
early
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
B.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
C.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
D.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Madagascar.
B.
Africa.
C.
India.
D.
the New World.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present in catarrhine primates.
B.
present only in some platyrrhines.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
made strictly of muscle.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
C.
a long canine tooth in males.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-1-3-3.
B.
2-2-2-3.
C.
2-1-2-3.
D.
2-2-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
meat.
B.
fruit.
C.
insects.
D.
tubers.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
nail
B.
large brains
C.
postorbital bar
D.
septum
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates have large bodies.
B.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
C.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
D.
Primates have long life spans.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
diastema.
B.
two-ridge tooth.
C.
tooth comb.
D.
bilophodont.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
grooming.
B.
spur marking.
C.
smiling.
D.
lip flipping.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
B.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
C.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
D.
primates could see predators in advance.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Madagascar.
B.
South America.
C.
Asia.
D.
Africa.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
B.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
C.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
D.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
tails.
B.
nails.
C.
snouts.
D.
large canines.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
only nails
B.
are less dimorphic sexually.
C.
have more teeth.
D.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
one’s family.
B.
the same species.
C.
a different species.
D.
more than one genus.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
monkeys.
B.
mammals.
C.
lemurs
D.
apes.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
B.
short digits.
C.
opposable thumbs.
D.
a precision grip.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
D.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Paleozoic
B.
Jurassic
C.
Cenozoic
D.
Mesozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and South America.
B.
Greece and South America.
C.
Asia and South America.
D.
Europe and Asia.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
70-80 million years ago
B.
100-110 million years ago
C.
5-10 million years ago
D.
30-40 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
proconsulids.
B.
dryopithecids.
C.
protoprimates.
D.
adapids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
B.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
C.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
D.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
socially learned.
B.
instinctual.
C.
innate.
D.
rarely practiced.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
retreat of grasslands
B.
expansion of oceans
C.
retreat of tropical forests
D.
expansion of forests
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
Y-5 molars.
B.
one-inch molars.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
two sets of molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
first evolved.
B.
encounters neighboring groups.
C.
finds mates.
D.
searches for food.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
B.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
C.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
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