Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
mice.
B.
insects.
C.
birds.
D.
reptiles.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
accessing receptive males.
B.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
C.
niche competition.
D.
obtaining food.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-19
B.
16-20
C.
21-24
D.
28-30
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
trichromatic
B.
dichromatic
C.
non-chromatic
D.
monochromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
brachiation
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
leaping
D.
bipedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
long legs compared to arms.
B.
acute sense of smell.
C.
grasping hands and feet.
D.
fruit-eating tendency.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
B.
far apart and face sideways.
C.
close together and face downward.
D.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
genetic similarities
B.
presence of a wet nose
C.
physical appearance
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
late
B.
proto-
C.
early
D.
pseudo-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
B.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
C.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
D.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Africa.
B.
the New World.
C.
India.
D.
Madagascar.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present in catarrhine primates.
B.
present in most primates.
C.
made strictly of muscle.
D.
present only in some platyrrhines.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a long canine tooth in males.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-1-2-3.
B.
2-1-3-3.
C.
2-2-2-3.
D.
2-2-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
insects.
B.
tubers.
C.
meat.
D.
fruit.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
large brains
B.
septum
C.
postorbital bar
D.
nail
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates have long life spans.
B.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
C.
Primates have large bodies.
D.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
bilophodont.
B.
diastema.
C.
tooth comb.
D.
two-ridge tooth.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
lip flipping.
B.
grooming.
C.
smiling.
D.
spur marking.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
B.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
primates could see predators in advance.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Africa.
B.
Madagascar.
C.
Asia.
D.
South America.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
C.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
D.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
large canines.
B.
snouts.
C.
tails.
D.
nails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
only nails
B.
are less dimorphic sexually.
C.
have more teeth.
D.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
one’s family.
B.
the same species.
C.
a different species.
D.
more than one genus.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
lemurs
B.
monkeys.
C.
apes.
D.
mammals.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
short digits.
B.
a precision grip.
C.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
D.
opposable thumbs.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Paleozoic
B.
Cenozoic
C.
Mesozoic
D.
Jurassic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and Asia.
B.
Europe and South America.
C.
Asia and South America.
D.
Greece and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
5-10 million years ago
B.
30-40 million years ago
C.
100-110 million years ago
D.
70-80 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
proconsulids.
B.
adapids.
C.
protoprimates.
D.
dryopithecids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
C.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
socially learned.
B.
rarely practiced.
C.
innate.
D.
instinctual.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
retreat of tropical forests
B.
expansion of forests
C.
expansion of oceans
D.
retreat of grasslands
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
two sets of molars.
B.
one-inch molars.
C.
Y-5 molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
finds mates.
B.
searches for food.
C.
first evolved.
D.
encounters neighboring groups.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
B.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
C.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
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