Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
birds.
B.
insects.
C.
reptiles.
D.
mice.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
B.
niche competition.
C.
accessing receptive males.
D.
obtaining food.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
28-30
B.
16-20
C.
16-19
D.
21-24
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
trichromatic
B.
monochromatic
C.
non-chromatic
D.
dichromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
brachiation
B.
leaping
C.
bipedalism
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
fruit-eating tendency.
B.
long legs compared to arms.
C.
grasping hands and feet.
D.
acute sense of smell.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
B.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
C.
close together and face downward.
D.
far apart and face sideways.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
physical appearance
C.
genetic similarities
D.
presence of a wet nose
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
early
B.
late
C.
proto-
D.
pseudo-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
B.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
C.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
D.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Africa.
B.
India.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
the New World.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
made strictly of muscle.
B.
present only in some platyrrhines.
C.
present in catarrhine primates.
D.
present in most primates.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
a long canine tooth in males.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-1-3-3.
B.
2-2-3-3.
C.
2-2-2-3.
D.
2-1-2-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
fruit.
B.
insects.
C.
tubers.
D.
meat.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
postorbital bar
B.
septum
C.
nail
D.
large brains
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates have long life spans.
B.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
C.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
D.
Primates have large bodies.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
tooth comb.
B.
diastema.
C.
two-ridge tooth.
D.
bilophodont.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
lip flipping.
B.
smiling.
C.
grooming.
D.
spur marking.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
B.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
primates could see predators in advance.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Africa.
B.
Asia.
C.
South America.
D.
Madagascar.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
C.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
D.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
snouts.
B.
tails.
C.
large canines.
D.
nails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
are less dimorphic sexually.
B.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
C.
have more teeth.
D.
only nails
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
a different species.
B.
more than one genus.
C.
the same species.
D.
one’s family.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
lemurs
B.
monkeys.
C.
mammals.
D.
apes.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
a precision grip.
B.
opposable thumbs.
C.
short digits.
D.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
B.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Jurassic
B.
Paleozoic
C.
Cenozoic
D.
Mesozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Greece and South America.
B.
Asia and South America.
C.
Europe and South America.
D.
Europe and Asia.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
100-110 million years ago
B.
70-80 million years ago
C.
30-40 million years ago
D.
5-10 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
adapids.
B.
protoprimates.
C.
proconsulids.
D.
dryopithecids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
B.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
C.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
instinctual.
B.
socially learned.
C.
innate.
D.
rarely practiced.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
retreat of tropical forests
B.
expansion of forests
C.
retreat of grasslands
D.
expansion of oceans
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
bilophodont molars.
B.
two sets of molars.
C.
one-inch molars.
D.
Y-5 molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
finds mates.
B.
first evolved.
C.
searches for food.
D.
encounters neighboring groups.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
B.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
C.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
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