Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
reptiles.
B.
birds.
C.
insects.
D.
mice.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
obtaining food.
B.
niche competition.
C.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
D.
accessing receptive males.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
21-24
B.
16-20
C.
28-30
D.
16-19
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
non-chromatic
B.
trichromatic
C.
monochromatic
D.
dichromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
leaping
B.
bipedalism
C.
brachiation
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
long legs compared to arms.
B.
fruit-eating tendency.
C.
grasping hands and feet.
D.
acute sense of smell.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
close together and face downward.
B.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
C.
far apart and face sideways.
D.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
genetic similarities
C.
presence of a wet nose
D.
physical appearance
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
early
B.
late
C.
proto-
D.
pseudo-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
B.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
C.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
D.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
India.
B.
Africa.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
the New World.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present in catarrhine primates.
B.
made strictly of muscle.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
present only in some platyrrhines.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
bilophodont molars.
C.
a long canine tooth in males.
D.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-3-3.
B.
2-1-3-3.
C.
2-1-2-3.
D.
2-2-2-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
tubers.
B.
insects.
C.
fruit.
D.
meat.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
large brains
B.
postorbital bar
C.
nail
D.
septum
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
B.
Primates have long life spans.
C.
Primates have large bodies.
D.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
two-ridge tooth.
B.
bilophodont.
C.
tooth comb.
D.
diastema.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
smiling.
B.
lip flipping.
C.
grooming.
D.
spur marking.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
B.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
primates could see predators in advance.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Asia.
B.
Africa.
C.
South America.
D.
Madagascar.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
B.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
C.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
D.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
tails.
B.
snouts.
C.
large canines.
D.
nails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
B.
are less dimorphic sexually.
C.
have more teeth.
D.
only nails
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
more than one genus.
B.
a different species.
C.
the same species.
D.
one’s family.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
apes.
B.
monkeys.
C.
mammals.
D.
lemurs
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
B.
short digits.
C.
opposable thumbs.
D.
a precision grip.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Jurassic
B.
Cenozoic
C.
Mesozoic
D.
Paleozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and Asia.
B.
Greece and South America.
C.
Asia and South America.
D.
Europe and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
30-40 million years ago
B.
5-10 million years ago
C.
100-110 million years ago
D.
70-80 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
proconsulids.
B.
dryopithecids.
C.
adapids.
D.
protoprimates.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
C.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
D.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
socially learned.
B.
innate.
C.
instinctual.
D.
rarely practiced.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
retreat of grasslands
B.
retreat of tropical forests
C.
expansion of forests
D.
expansion of oceans
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
one-inch molars.
B.
two sets of molars.
C.
Y-5 molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
searches for food.
B.
encounters neighboring groups.
C.
finds mates.
D.
first evolved.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
B.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
C.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
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