Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
birds.
B.
reptiles.
C.
insects.
D.
mice.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
niche competition.
B.
accessing receptive males.
C.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
D.
obtaining food.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-20
B.
21-24
C.
28-30
D.
16-19
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
non-chromatic
B.
trichromatic
C.
monochromatic
D.
dichromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
bipedalism
B.
leaping
C.
brachiation
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
fruit-eating tendency.
B.
acute sense of smell.
C.
long legs compared to arms.
D.
grasping hands and feet.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
B.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
C.
close together and face downward.
D.
far apart and face sideways.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
physical appearance
C.
presence of a wet nose
D.
genetic similarities
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
late
B.
pseudo-
C.
early
D.
proto-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
B.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
C.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
D.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Africa.
B.
the New World.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
India.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present only in some platyrrhines.
B.
made strictly of muscle.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
present in catarrhine primates.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a long canine tooth in males.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-2-3.
B.
2-2-3-3.
C.
2-1-3-3.
D.
2-1-2-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
fruit.
B.
meat.
C.
tubers.
D.
insects.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
large brains
B.
septum
C.
postorbital bar
D.
nail
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates have long life spans.
B.
Primates have large bodies.
C.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
D.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
diastema.
B.
bilophodont.
C.
tooth comb.
D.
two-ridge tooth.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
smiling.
B.
spur marking.
C.
grooming.
D.
lip flipping.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
B.
primates could see predators in advance.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Madagascar.
B.
Africa.
C.
South America.
D.
Asia.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
B.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
C.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
D.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
tails.
B.
snouts.
C.
nails.
D.
large canines.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
are less dimorphic sexually.
B.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
C.
only nails
D.
have more teeth.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
one’s family.
B.
a different species.
C.
more than one genus.
D.
the same species.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
lemurs
B.
apes.
C.
mammals.
D.
monkeys.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
short digits.
B.
opposable thumbs.
C.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
D.
a precision grip.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
B.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Cenozoic
B.
Paleozoic
C.
Jurassic
D.
Mesozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and South America.
B.
Europe and Asia.
C.
Asia and South America.
D.
Greece and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
5-10 million years ago
B.
100-110 million years ago
C.
70-80 million years ago
D.
30-40 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
proconsulids.
B.
protoprimates.
C.
dryopithecids.
D.
adapids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
C.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
D.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
rarely practiced.
B.
innate.
C.
socially learned.
D.
instinctual.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of oceans
B.
retreat of tropical forests
C.
retreat of grasslands
D.
expansion of forests
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
two sets of molars.
B.
Y-5 molars.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
one-inch molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
finds mates.
B.
searches for food.
C.
encounters neighboring groups.
D.
first evolved.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
B.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
C.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
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