Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
insects.
B.
birds.
C.
mice.
D.
reptiles.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
niche competition.
B.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
C.
obtaining food.
D.
accessing receptive males.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-20
B.
21-24
C.
16-19
D.
28-30
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
non-chromatic
B.
dichromatic
C.
trichromatic
D.
monochromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
bipedalism
B.
brachiation
C.
quadrupedalism
D.
leaping
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
grasping hands and feet.
B.
acute sense of smell.
C.
fruit-eating tendency.
D.
long legs compared to arms.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
far apart and face sideways.
B.
close together and face downward.
C.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
D.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
genetic similarities
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
physical appearance
D.
presence of a wet nose
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
proto-
B.
pseudo-
C.
early
D.
late
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
B.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
C.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
D.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Africa.
B.
the New World.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
India.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present only in some platyrrhines.
B.
present in catarrhine primates.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
made strictly of muscle.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
B.
a long canine tooth in males.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-3-3.
B.
2-2-2-3.
C.
2-1-2-3.
D.
2-1-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
fruit.
B.
insects.
C.
tubers.
D.
meat.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
large brains
B.
septum
C.
postorbital bar
D.
nail
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
B.
Primates have long life spans.
C.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
D.
Primates have large bodies.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
tooth comb.
B.
diastema.
C.
two-ridge tooth.
D.
bilophodont.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
lip flipping.
B.
grooming.
C.
smiling.
D.
spur marking.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
B.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
C.
primates could see predators in advance.
D.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Asia.
B.
Africa.
C.
South America.
D.
Madagascar.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
C.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
D.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
tails.
B.
large canines.
C.
snouts.
D.
nails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
have more teeth.
B.
only nails
C.
are less dimorphic sexually.
D.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
more than one genus.
B.
one’s family.
C.
the same species.
D.
a different species.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
mammals.
B.
apes.
C.
lemurs
D.
monkeys.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
a precision grip.
B.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
C.
short digits.
D.
opposable thumbs.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
D.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Jurassic
B.
Paleozoic
C.
Mesozoic
D.
Cenozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and South America.
B.
Asia and South America.
C.
Europe and Asia.
D.
Greece and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
70-80 million years ago
B.
30-40 million years ago
C.
100-110 million years ago
D.
5-10 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
proconsulids.
B.
protoprimates.
C.
dryopithecids.
D.
adapids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
B.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
C.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
innate.
B.
socially learned.
C.
instinctual.
D.
rarely practiced.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
retreat of tropical forests
B.
expansion of forests
C.
retreat of grasslands
D.
expansion of oceans
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
Y-5 molars.
B.
two sets of molars.
C.
one-inch molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
searches for food.
B.
first evolved.
C.
finds mates.
D.
encounters neighboring groups.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
B.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
C.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
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