Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
birds.
B.
reptiles.
C.
insects.
D.
mice.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
obtaining food.
B.
accessing receptive males.
C.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
D.
niche competition.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
21-24
B.
16-19
C.
28-30
D.
16-20
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
dichromatic
B.
trichromatic
C.
monochromatic
D.
non-chromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
leaping
B.
brachiation
C.
quadrupedalism
D.
bipedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
long legs compared to arms.
B.
grasping hands and feet.
C.
acute sense of smell.
D.
fruit-eating tendency.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
far apart and face sideways.
B.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
C.
close together and face downward.
D.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
physical appearance
B.
presence of a wet nose
C.
genetic similarities
D.
quadrupedalism
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
late
B.
pseudo-
C.
proto-
D.
early
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
B.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
C.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
D.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
the New World.
B.
Madagascar.
C.
Africa.
D.
India.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present only in some platyrrhines.
B.
present in most primates.
C.
present in catarrhine primates.
D.
made strictly of muscle.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
a long canine tooth in males.
C.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-2-3.
B.
2-1-2-3.
C.
2-2-3-3.
D.
2-1-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
tubers.
B.
meat.
C.
fruit.
D.
insects.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
large brains
B.
septum
C.
nail
D.
postorbital bar
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates have long life spans.
B.
Primates have large bodies.
C.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
D.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
bilophodont.
B.
two-ridge tooth.
C.
diastema.
D.
tooth comb.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
smiling.
B.
lip flipping.
C.
spur marking.
D.
grooming.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
B.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
C.
primates could see predators in advance.
D.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Africa.
B.
Madagascar.
C.
Asia.
D.
South America.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
B.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
C.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
D.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
large canines.
B.
tails.
C.
snouts.
D.
nails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
are less dimorphic sexually.
B.
only nails
C.
have more teeth.
D.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
a different species.
B.
more than one genus.
C.
one’s family.
D.
the same species.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
mammals.
B.
monkeys.
C.
lemurs
D.
apes.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
opposable thumbs.
B.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
C.
a precision grip.
D.
short digits.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
B.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Mesozoic
B.
Cenozoic
C.
Paleozoic
D.
Jurassic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and Asia.
B.
Greece and South America.
C.
Asia and South America.
D.
Europe and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
5-10 million years ago
B.
70-80 million years ago
C.
30-40 million years ago
D.
100-110 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
adapids.
B.
protoprimates.
C.
dryopithecids.
D.
proconsulids.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
C.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
socially learned.
B.
innate.
C.
rarely practiced.
D.
instinctual.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of oceans
B.
retreat of grasslands
C.
retreat of tropical forests
D.
expansion of forests
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
one-inch molars.
B.
Y-5 molars.
C.
two sets of molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
first evolved.
B.
finds mates.
C.
encounters neighboring groups.
D.
searches for food.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
B.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
C.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
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