Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
mice.
B.
reptiles.
C.
insects.
D.
birds.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
accessing receptive males.
B.
obtaining food.
C.
niche competition.
D.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
16-20
B.
16-19
C.
21-24
D.
28-30
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
trichromatic
B.
monochromatic
C.
non-chromatic
D.
dichromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
leaping
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
brachiation
D.
bipedalism
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
acute sense of smell.
B.
grasping hands and feet.
C.
long legs compared to arms.
D.
fruit-eating tendency.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
B.
close together and face downward.
C.
far apart and face sideways.
D.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
genetic similarities
B.
quadrupedalism
C.
physical appearance
D.
presence of a wet nose
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
late
B.
proto-
C.
early
D.
pseudo-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
B.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
C.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
D.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
Africa.
B.
the New World.
C.
Madagascar.
D.
India.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
made strictly of muscle.
B.
present only in some platyrrhines.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
present in catarrhine primates.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
B.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a long canine tooth in males.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-1-3-3.
B.
2-2-3-3.
C.
2-2-2-3.
D.
2-1-2-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
insects.
B.
meat.
C.
tubers.
D.
fruit.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
septum
B.
large brains
C.
postorbital bar
D.
nail
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
B.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
C.
Primates have large bodies.
D.
Primates have long life spans.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
diastema.
B.
bilophodont.
C.
two-ridge tooth.
D.
tooth comb.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
spur marking.
B.
smiling.
C.
lip flipping.
D.
grooming.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
B.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
C.
primates could see predators in advance.
D.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Madagascar.
B.
Asia.
C.
South America.
D.
Africa.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
C.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
D.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
nails.
B.
large canines.
C.
snouts.
D.
tails.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
only nails
B.
are less dimorphic sexually.
C.
have more teeth.
D.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
more than one genus.
B.
a different species.
C.
the same species.
D.
one’s family.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
monkeys.
B.
mammals.
C.
lemurs
D.
apes.
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
opposable thumbs.
B.
short digits.
C.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
D.
a precision grip.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
C.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Paleozoic
B.
Cenozoic
C.
Jurassic
D.
Mesozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Europe and Asia.
B.
Europe and South America.
C.
Greece and South America.
D.
Asia and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
70-80 million years ago
B.
30-40 million years ago
C.
5-10 million years ago
D.
100-110 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
adapids.
B.
dryopithecids.
C.
proconsulids.
D.
protoprimates.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
B.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
C.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
instinctual.
B.
socially learned.
C.
rarely practiced.
D.
innate.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of oceans
B.
retreat of tropical forests
C.
expansion of forests
D.
retreat of grasslands
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
Y-5 molars.
B.
two sets of molars.
C.
one-inch molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
finds mates.
B.
searches for food.
C.
encounters neighboring groups.
D.
first evolved.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
B.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
C.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
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