Anth 1 - Biological Anthropology » Spring 2020 » Exam 2
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Question #1
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
A.
insects.
B.
mice.
C.
birds.
D.
reptiles.
Question #2
Female reproductive strategies focus on
A.
accessing receptive males.
B.
Female reproductive strategies focus on
C.
obtaining food.
D.
niche competition.
Question #3
The split between African apes and Asian apes likely occurred approximately ____ million years ago.
A.
28-30
B.
16-19
C.
16-20
D.
21-24
Question #4
Many Old World primates have ____ vision that helps them easily find food.
A.
trichromatic
B.
dichromatic
C.
monochromatic
D.
non-chromatic
Question #5
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer arms than legs?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
bipedalism
C.
leaping
D.
brachiation
Question #6
The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins emphasizes primates
A.
long legs compared to arms.
B.
fruit-eating tendency.
C.
acute sense of smell.
D.
grasping hands and feet.
Question #7
Catarrhines’ nostrils are:
A.
far apart and face sideways.
B.
large due to their heightened sense of smell.
C.
close together and face downward.
D.
wide and include a large nasal sinus.
Question #8
What evidence supports grouping tarsiers with haplorrhines rather than strepsirrhines?
A.
quadrupedalism
B.
genetic similarities
C.
presence of a wet nose
D.
physical appearance
Question #9
Adapoids and omomyoids are considered to be ____ primates.
A.
late
B.
early
C.
pseudo-
D.
proto-
Question #10
Primates have long growth and development periods because:
A.
on average they are smaller bodied than most other mammals.
B.
the areas of the brain associated with smell and hearing are expanded in primates.
C.
they are like other mammals in taking a long time to develop to sexual maturity.
D.
they have higher intelligence and larger brains relative to other animals.
Question #11
Platyrrhines are found in
A.
India.
B.
Madagascar.
C.
the New World.
D.
Africa.
Question #12
Prehensile tails are:
A.
present only in some platyrrhines.
B.
present in catarrhine primates.
C.
present in most primates.
D.
made strictly of muscle.
Question #13
The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is:
A.
a 2-1-2-3 dental formula.
B.
a Y-5 molar pattern.
C.
bilophodont molars.
D.
a long canine tooth in males.
Question #14
The dental pattern of platyrrhines is:
A.
2-2-2-3.
B.
2-1-2-3.
C.
2-2-3-3.
D.
2-1-3-3.
Question #15
The angiosperm-primate coevolution hypothesis notes that the earliest primates likely ate
A.
insects.
B.
meat.
C.
tubers.
D.
fruit.
Question #16
Some species of Carpolestes possess which of the following primate-specific trait?
A.
postorbital bar
B.
nail
C.
large brains
D.
septum
Question #17
What is one reason why primates develop more slowly compared to other mammals?
A.
Primates reproduce very rapidly.
B.
Primates do not invest in each offspring.
C.
Primates have large bodies.
D.
Primates have long life spans.
Question #18
Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a:
A.
diastema.
B.
tooth comb.
C.
bilophodont.
D.
two-ridge tooth.
Question #19
One form of communication among primates that serves to reinforce social bonds is
A.
spur marking.
B.
smiling.
C.
lip flipping.
D.
grooming.
Question #20
Most primates are solitary creatures that live alone.
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #21
The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that:
A.
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
B.
primates could see predators in advance.
C.
primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
D.
primates’ unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
Question #22
Living lemurs are found only in:
A.
Asia.
B.
Africa.
C.
South America.
D.
Madagascar.
Question #23
Basal anthropoids are:
A.
Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
B.
Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids.
C.
Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoids.
D.
Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates.
Question #24
One key distinguishing characteristic of primates is the presence of
A.
nails.
B.
tails.
C.
large canines.
D.
snouts.
Question #25
Haplorhines differ from strepsirhines in that they:
A.
only nails
B.
are less dimorphic sexually.
C.
have a smaller brain relative to body size.
D.
have more teeth.
Question #26
A “conspecific” is a member of
A.
one’s family.
B.
more than one genus.
C.
the same species.
D.
a different species.
Question #27
Relative to body size, primate brain size is larger than other terrestrial mammals:
A.
FALSE
B.
TRUE
Question #28
The Miocene featured enormous diversity in
A.
apes.
B.
mammals.
C.
monkeys.
D.
lemurs
Question #29
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including:
A.
opposable thumbs.
B.
a precision grip.
C.
an expanded reliance on sense of smell.
D.
short digits.
Question #30
The typical catarrhine dental formula is:
A.
1 / 1 / 2 / 3.
B.
2 / 1 / 3 / 3.
C.
2 / 1 / 2 / 3.
D.
3 / 1 / 2 / 3.
Question #31
Placental mammals originated in the ____ Era.
A.
Paleozoic
B.
Jurassic
C.
Cenozoic
D.
Mesozoic
Question #32
The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued in:
A.
Greece and South America.
B.
Europe and Asia.
C.
Asia and South America.
D.
Europe and South America.
Question #33
When did the split between the two primate suborders (Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini) occur?
A.
100-110 million years ago
B.
5-10 million years ago
C.
30-40 million years ago
D.
70-80 million years ago
Question #34
Plesiadapiforms are also called:
A.
adapids.
B.
proconsulids.
C.
dryopithecids.
D.
protoprimates.
Question #35
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as:
A.
grasping hands, tails, and intelligence.
B.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and tails.
C.
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
D.
developed vision, greater sense of smell, and grasping hands and feet.
Question #36
Primate maternal behavior is best understood as
A.
instinctual.
B.
rarely practiced.
C.
socially learned.
D.
innate.
Question #37
The Miocene was characterized by an initial warming trend, followed by the ____.
A.
expansion of oceans
B.
retreat of tropical forests
C.
expansion of forests
D.
retreat of grasslands
Question #38
Old World monkeys have:
A.
Y-5 molars.
B.
two sets of molars.
C.
one-inch molars.
D.
bilophodont molars.
Question #39
A group’s home range is the area in which the group
A.
finds mates.
B.
searches for food.
C.
first evolved.
D.
encounters neighboring groups.
Question #40
Primates are characterized by:
A.
docility, toolmaking, and lack of parental investment.
B.
arboreal adaptation, and parental investment.
C.
arboreal adaptation and male dominance.
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