California State University, Northridge » Health Sciences » HSCI 336 - Health Aspects of Drug Use » Summer 2020

HSCI 336 - Health Aspects of Drug Use » Summer 2020 » Quiz 4

Need help with your exam preparation?

Question #1

Alcohol, a psychoactive drug, inhibits the release of the antidiuretic hormone ________, which causes an increase in the excretion of urine.

A. serotonin

B. dopamine

C. endorphin

D. vasopressin

Question #2

A(n) ________ is defined as a mechanism in a nerve terminal membrane that is responsible for removing neurotransmitter molecules from the synapse by taking them back into the neuron.

A. nociceptor

B. interoceptor

C. receptor.

D. transporter

Question #3

Which of the following terms is defined as the maintenance of an environment of body functions within a certain range (e.g., temperature, blood pressure)?

A. Homeorhesis

B. Homeostasis

C. Osmosis

D. Apoptosis

Question #4

The ______________ is an important link between the brain and the pituitary gland, and is involved in feeding, drinking, temperature regulation, and sexual behavior.

A. limbic system

B. hypothalamus

C. cerebral cortex

D. cerebellum

Question #5

Which chemical pathway appears to be important both in some types of psychotic behavior and in the reinforcing properties of various drugs?

A. acetylcholine pathway from the nucleus basalis

B. serotonin pathway from the raphe nuclei

C. mesolimbic dopamine pathway

D. glutamate pathway

Question #6

Weight control, aggression, impulsivity, and psychological depression have all been associated with

A. serotonin pathways.

B. the parasympathetic branch.

C. endorphins.

D. GABA receptors.

Question #7

Natural chemicals in the brain that produce effects similar to those of morphine and other opium-derived drugs are called

A. endorphins.

B. depressants.

C. ecstasy.

D. amphetamines.

Question #8

The process in which enzymes within neurons convert precursors into neurotransmitter molecules is called

A. depolarization.

B. synthesis.

C. uptake.

D. homeostasis.

Question #9

Neurotransmitter molecules are released into the small space between two neurons called the

A. vesicle.

B. partition.

C. transporter.

D. synapse.

Question #10

Specialized structures that recognize neurotransmitter molecules and, when activated, may cause a change in the electrical activity of the neuron, are called

A. pons.

B. medulla.

C. autonomic.

D. receptors.

Question #11

Which of the following neurotransmitters is found in most parts of the brain and is considered inhibitory?

A. GABA

B. norepinephrine

C. dopamine

D. serotonin

Question #12

Whether the effect of a neurotransmitter is excitatory or inhibitory depends on

A. enzyme actions.

B. the rate of synthesis.

C. blood sugar level.

D. the type of receptor.

Question #13

In addition to neurons, the brain contains an even larger number of another cell type known as

A. serotonin.

B. mitochondria.

C. pseudopodia.

D. glia.

Question #14

Drugs can affect neurotransmitter systems in two main ways: either by altering the availability of the neurotransmitter in the synapse, or by

A. increasing blood pressure.

B. acting directly on the receptors.

C. acting on the blood-brain barrier.

D. altering hormone levels.

Question #15

Suppose you wanted to prescribe a hypothetical drug that would have an overall excitatory effect on the nervous system. Which would you choose?

A. a glutamate metabolizer

B. a GABA antagonist

C. a norepinephrine antagonist

D. a dopamine metabolizer

Question #16

The brain imaging technique that involves injection of radioactive chemicals in order to measure brain function is called

A. electrochemical detection.

B. positron emission tomography (PET).

C. mass spectroscopy.

D. electron microscopy.

Question #17

Gated ion channels for sodium and potassium open and close in rapid succession, causing the neuron to depolarize and then return to its normal resting level, during each

A. transporter.

B. action potential.

C. homeostasis.

D. metabolism.

Question #18

Cocaine selectively blocks Na+ (sodium) channels, which is the mechanism that leads to

A. cocaine dependence.

B. local anesthetic effects.

C. increased heart rate.

D. CNS stimulation.

Question #19

Parasympathetic and sympathetic refer to the two branches of the

A. glia.

B. limbic system.

C. autonomic nervous system.

D. axon.

Question #20

Parkinson's disease produces tremors and muscular rigidity because of damage to

A. acetylcholine neurons in the parasympathetic branch.

B. the blood-brain barrier.

C. norepinephrine neurons in the locus ceruleus.

D. dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway.

Question #21

The neurotransmitter at the end organ of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is

A. serotonin.

B. dopamine.

C. norepinephrine.

D. GABA.

Need help with your exam preparation?

Existing Quiz Clients Login here